论国内航空运输承运人赔偿责任限额制度的非正当性  

The Incorrectness of Domestic Air Transportation Liability System

作　　者：耿绍杰 GENG Shaojie

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学法学院,北京100875

出　　处：《郑州航空工业管理学院学报（社会科学版）》2021年第2期35-43,共9页Journal of Zhengzhou University of Aeronautics(Social Science Edition)

摘　　要：国内航空运输承运人赔偿责任限额制度在一定条件下可以促进航空业的发展,但是该制度责任限额上限较难被突破,民航空难受害者的损失无法得到完全赔偿,其正当性饱受争议。通过分析得出,当前我国民航业发展无须依靠赔偿责任限额制度的保护;灾难性的风险应当由承运人独自承担;在无限额赔偿责任制下,承运人可以适当投保;该制度“激励”潜在请求权人自行购买保险并不具有持久性;该制度与严格责任制并没有法律上的必然联系;在我国社会实际情况下,该制度并不能快速解决赔偿纠纷,减少诉讼发生的概率;赔偿数额统一化并不符合平等与公平价值要求的观点,继而由上述观点总结出该制度是非正当性的结论。The domestic air transportation liability system can promote the development of the aviation industry under certain conditions,but it is difficult to break with the limitation of liability,and the loss of the victims of civil aviation air crash can not be fully compensated.Thus,the legitimacy of the system has always been controversial.Through comparative analysis,historical analysis,purpose analysis,logical analysis and other research methods,it is concluded that the current development of domestic civil aviation industry does not need to rely on the protection of the limitation of liability system;the catastrophic risk should be borne by the carrier alone;under the unlimited liability system,the carrier can insure with appropriate premium;it is not permanent that the system"encourages"the potential claimant to buy insurance by himself;there is no necessary legal connection between the system and the strict liability system;in the actual situation of our society,the system can not quickly solve the compensation disputes and reduce the probability of litigation;the unification of the amount of compensation does not meet the requirements of equality and fair value.And from the above point of view,it concludes that the system is incorrectness.

关 键 词：国内航空运输 赔偿责任限额制度 承运人 民航空难 

分 类 号：D922.297[政治法律—经济法学]