不同风挡方案对强横风下货运高速列车气动性能的影响  

Aerodynamic shape optimization of windshields on freight highspeed trains with crosswind

作　　者：苗秀娟[1,2] 高广军 何侃[3] 祝百年 孔繁冰 MIAO Xiujuan;GAO Guangjun;HE Kan;ZHU Bainian;KONG Fanbing(College of Automobile and Machinery Engineering,Changsha University of Science and Technology,Changsha 410076,China;Key Laboratory of Safety Design and Reliability Technology for Engineering Vehicle,Changsha 410076,China;Key Laboratory of Traffic Safety on the Track of Ministry of Education,Central South University,Changsha 410075,China;Technical Research Center,CRRC Tangshan Co.Ltd.,Tangshan 064000,China)

机构地区：[1]长沙理工大学汽车与机械工程学院,湖南长沙410076 [2]工程车辆安全性设计与可靠性技术湖南省重点实验室,湖南长沙410076 [3]中南大学轨道交通安全教育部重点实验室,湖南长沙410075 [4]中车唐山机车车辆有限公司技术研究中心,河北唐山064000

出　　处：《中南大学学报（自然科学版）》2021年第4期1337-1345,共9页Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFB1201304);国家自然科学基金青年基金资助项目(51605044)。

摘　　要：采用三维数值方法,模拟强横风下货运高速列车周围流场,探索4种风挡方案对货运高速列车气动性能的影响。研究结果表明:风挡局部变化对整列货运列车周围流速、压力以及车体表面压力影响主要体现在风挡区域;全包围风挡区域流速、压力及表面压力分布较均匀,并能在横风下使得整列车具有更小的气动阻力以及侧向力;顶端开口、以及上下两端开口后,风挡区域流场变化明显,且明显使整列车气动阻力、侧向力增大;底端开口对流场以及气动力影响较小。若需要在风挡处开口以方便检修,建议将开口设在风挡底部。Three-dimensional numerical method was used to simulate the flow field around freight high-speed trains under strong crosswind.The influence of four kinds of windshields on the aerodynamic performance of freight high-speed trains was explored.The results show that the influence of windshields on the velocity,pressure and surface pressure is mainly reflected in the windshield area.The velocity,pressure and surface pressure in the full surrounding windshield area are more evenly distributed,which can make the whole train have less aerodynamic drag and lateral force with crosswind.After opening the top,bottom or even both of them,the flow around windshield area changes obviously,which leads to the increase of aerodynamic drag and lateral force of the whole train.The influence of the opening at bottom of windshield on the flow field and aerodynamic force is relatively small.Therefore,if it is necessary to open the windshield for maintenance,it is recommended to set the opening at the bottom of the windshield.

关 键 词：货运高速列车 横风 数值模拟 风挡 气动性能 

分 类 号：U270[机械工程—车辆工程]