不同牙槽骨有限元模型对牙周膜生物力学响应的影响  

Effects of different alveolar bone finite element models on the biomechanical responses of periodontal ligament

作　　者：仵健磊 刘云峰[2,3] 李伯休 王栋才 董星涛[2,3] 周佳丽 WU Jianlei;LIU Yunfeng;LI Boxiu;WANG Dongcai;DONG Xingtao;ZHOU Jiali(Mechanical&Electrical Engineering Institute,Ningbo Polytechnic,Ningbo,Zhejiang 315800,P.R.China;College of Mechanical Engineering,Zhejiang University of Technology,Hangzhou 310023,P.R.China;Key Laboratory of Special Purpose Equipment and Advanced Processing Technology,Ministry of Education and Zhejiang Province,Zhejiang University of Technology,Hangzhou 310023,P.R.China;Department of Orthodontics,Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University College of Medical,Hangzhou 310009,P.R.China;Radiology Department,Ningbo First Hospital,Ningbo,Zhejiang 315000,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]宁波职业技术学院机电工程学院,浙江宁波315800 [2]浙江工业大学机械工程学院,杭州310023 [3]浙江工业大学特种装备制造与先进加工技术教育部/浙江省重点实验室,杭州310023 [4]浙江大学医学院第二附属医院正畸科,杭州310009 [5]宁波市第一医院放射科,浙江宁波315000

出　　处：《生物医学工程学杂志》2021年第2期295-302,共8页Journal of Biomedical Engineering

基　　金：浙江省教育厅一般科研项目(Y201941138);浙江省自然科学基金(LQ20E050013);宁波市自然科学基金(2019A610243);国家自然科学基金(51775506);浙江省公益技术应用研究项目(LGG19E050022,LGF18H140002)。

摘　　要：口腔正畸研究中,牙颌组织模型对有限元分析结果有着重要影响。目前,常用的牙槽骨有限元模型主要有均质和非均质两种类型。均质型模型对牙槽骨进行整体材料赋值,每个网格单元的力学特性均相同;而非均质型模型则依据牙槽骨每个网格单元所处的计算机断层扫描(CT)图像灰度值对网格单元进行差别赋值。为了探究不同牙槽骨模型对牙周膜生物力学响应的影响,我们选择一例临床患者作为研究对象,构建了其下颌尖牙、牙周膜和两种牙槽骨模型,分别对尖牙施加1 N的根向压入力和2 Nmm根向扭矩,分析牙周膜在不同载荷形式下的静水压应力和最大对数主应变。研究结果表明无论尖牙平动或转动,牙周膜的力学响应均会受到牙槽骨模型的影响。相比于均质型模型,当牙槽骨模型为非均质模型时,尖牙沿根向平动时牙周膜的最大应力和应变分别降低了13.13%和35.57%;尖牙沿根向转动时牙周膜最大应力和应变分别降低了19.55%和35.64%。均质型牙槽骨模型会诱导正畸医生选择一个较小的矫治力,非均质牙槽骨模型更能体现真实牙槽骨骨质特性的差异性,更有利于获得准确的分析结果。In the study of oral orthodontics,the dental tissue models play an important role in finite element analysis results.Currently,the commonly used alveolar bone models mainly have two kinds:the uniform and the nonuniform models.The material of the uniform model was defined with the whole alveolar bone,and each mesh element has a uniform mechanical property.While the material of the elements in non-uniform model was differently determined by the Hounsfield unit(HU)value of computed tomography(CT)images where the element was located.To investigate the effects of different alveolar bone models on the biomechanical responses of periodontal ligament(PDL),a clinical patient was chosen as the research object,his mandibular canine,PDL and two kinds of alveolar bone models were constructed,and intrusive force of 1 N and moment of 2 Nmm were exerted on the canine along its root direction,respectively,which were used to analyze the hydrostatic stress and the maximal logarithmic principal strain of PDL under different loads.Research results indicated that the mechanical responses of PDL had been affected by alveolar bone models,no matter the canine translation or rotation.Compared to the uniform model,if the alveolar bone was defined as the non-uniform model,the maximal stress and strain of PDL were decreased by 13.13%and 35.57%,respectively,when the canine translation along its root direction;while the maximal stress and strain of PDL were decreased by 19.55%and 35.64%,respectively,when the canine rotation along its root direction.The uniform alveolar bone model will induce orthodontists to choose a smaller orthodontic force.The non-uniform alveolar bone model can better reflect the differences of bone characteristics in the real alveolar bone,and more conducive to obtain accurate analysis results.

关 键 词：口腔正畸 有限元模型 牙槽骨 牙周膜 生物力学 

分 类 号：R783.5[医药卫生—口腔医学]