2013—2020年武汉市售肉食性淡水鱼中两类禁用药物检出状况分析  

Result analysis and assessment of two types of prohibited drugs in carnivorous freshwater fish on the market of Wuhan city between 2013 and 2020

作　　者：黄常刚[1] 肖永华[1] 孙言凤[1] 梁高道[1] 王胜[1] HUANG Chang-gang;XIAO Yong-hua;SUN Yan-feng;LIANG Gao-dao;WANG Sheng(Wuhan Center for Disease Prevention and Control,Wuhan,Hubei 430015,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉市疾病预防控制中心,湖北武汉430015

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2021年第8期1384-1386,1407,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：武汉市公共卫生及卫生政策科研项目(WG17C03);湖北省自然科学基金项目(2016CFB177)。

摘　　要：目的通过检测鲈鱼、鳜鱼和黑鱼中4种硝基呋喃类代谢物和4种孔雀石绿类药物残留,了解武汉市两类禁用药物残留结果及逐年趋势,为评估肉食性鱼安全状况提供依据。方法采集武汉市多个区3种肉食性淡水鱼共333份,用固相萃取-超高效液相色谱串联三重四级杆质谱法(SPE-UPLC-MS/MS)检测4种硝基呋喃类代谢物和4种孔雀石绿类药物残留量,并对实验数据进行描述性统计分析,数据组间比较采用χ2检验。结果武汉市3种肉食性淡水鱼中两类禁用药物总检出率为8.11%,孔雀石绿类和硝基呋喃类代谢物检出率分别为5.11%和3.00%,2013—2020年两类禁用药物在肉食性淡水鱼中检出率呈逐年降低趋势。结论武汉市3种肉食性淡水鱼中两类禁用药物滥用曾经较为普遍,随着监管趋严,滥用情况得到初步有效遏制。Objective To understand the results and year-to-year trends of two types of prohibited drug residues in Wuhan by detecting four nitrofuran metabolites and four malachite green drug residues in sea bass,Mandarin fish and black fish,and to provide a basis for assessing the safety status of carnivorous fish.Methods A total of 333 samples of three species of carnivorous freshwater fish were collected from several districts in Wuhan,and the four nitrofuran metabolites and four malachite green drug r esidues were detected by solid phase extraction-ultra performance liquid chromatography tandem triple quadrupole mass spectrometry(SPE-UPLC-MS/MS).The experimental data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and the chi-square test was used for comparison between data groups.Results In total 8.11%of carnivorous freshwater fish in Wuhan city were tested positive for two types of forbidden drugs,while nitrofuran metabolites and malachite greens had the determined rates of 5.11%and 3.00%,respectively.The determined rates of two types of prohibited drugs in three kinds of carnivorous freshwater fish decreased during 2013 and 2020.Conclusion The abuse of two types of prohibited drugs in three types of carnivorous freshwater fish in Wuhan was common in the past,but with the tightening of supervision,the abuse has been initially effectively curbed.

关 键 词：肉食性淡水鱼 硝基呋喃类代谢物 孔雀石绿类 残留 

分 类 号：R155.55[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]