以人民为中心的生动写照--毛泽东《七律二首•送瘟神》创作成因考  

A Vivid Portrayal of People as the Center:Research on the Causesof Creation of Mao Zedong’s Farewell the Plague

作　　者：马驰[1,2,3,4,5] MA Chi(Center for Thought and Cultural studies,Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences,Shanghai 200020,China)

机构地区：[1]上海社会科学院思想文化研究中心,上海200020 [2]上海大学上海电影学院 [3]北京第二外国语学院丹麦研究中心 [4]全国马列文论研究会 [5]全国毛泽东文艺思想研究会

出　　处：《学习与探索》2021年第4期1-7,F0002,177,共9页Study & Exploration

摘　　要：1953年,时任最高人民法院院长沈钧儒发现在长江中下游各省市血吸虫病流行极为严重。沈钧儒于9月16日给毛泽东写信反映了这一情况,建议卫生机关加以重视,加强并改进血吸虫病防治工作。这封信引起毛泽东的重视,毛泽东于9月27日给沈钧儒回信,指出血吸虫病危害甚大,必须着重防治,并将此信及附件转交习仲勋负责处理。这封信也许是新中国最早的一份直接递交国家领导人的“社情民意”,也促成了一段多党合作的佳话,由此一场声势浩大的消灭血吸虫活动在南方12个相关省市展开。1958年6月30日,《人民日报》第三版以“第一面红旗”为题对余江县消灭血吸虫病做了全面报道。毛泽东看到这篇报道后欣然命笔赋诗《七律二首•送瘟神》,并写下一篇诗后小记,提出“党组织、科学家、人民群众,三者结合起来”,这成为社会主义建设的先行经验。In 1953,Shen Junru,then president of the Supreme People’s Court,discovered that schistosomiasis was epidemic in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.Shen Junru wrote a letter to Mao Zedong on September 16,reporting this situation,suggesting that health agencies take measures to strengthen and improve the prevention and control of schistosomiasis.This letter attracted the attention of Mao Zedong.Mao Zedong replied Shen Junru on September 27,stating that schistosomiasis was very harmful and efforts must be made on prevention and treatment.And then this letter and attachments were forwarded to Xi Zhongxun for handling.This letter may be the first“social sentiment and public opinion”directly submitted to the leaders of the People’s Republic of China.It also contributed to a good story of multi-party cooperation.As a result,a massive schistosomiasis eradication campaign was launched in 12 relevant provinces and cities in the south.On June 30,1958,there was a comprehensive report on the elimination of schistosomiasis in Yujiang County with the title“The First Red Flag”in the third edition of People’s Daily.After reading this report,Chairman Mao Zedong happily wrote two poems titled with Farewell the Plague with a note:party organizations,scientists,and the people working together is the pioneering experience of socialist construction.

关 键 词：毛泽东 沈钧儒 血吸虫病 疫情防控 《七律二首•送瘟神》 

分 类 号：D23[政治法律—政治学]