呼伦贝尔地区儿童眼病调查报告分析  

Analysis of the investigation report of ophthalmopathy in children in Hulunbuir area

作　　者：胡础图 其其格 金明宇 HU Chu-tu;QI Qige;JIN Ming-yu(Department of Ophthalmology,Hulunbuir People’s Hospital,Hulunbuir 021008,China)

机构地区：[1]呼伦贝尔市人民医院眼科,021008

出　　处：《中国实用医药》2021年第11期185-187,共3页China Practical Medicine

摘　　要：目的调查呼伦贝尔地区儿童眼病的发生情况。方法选取呼伦贝尔地区8386例儿童(16772只眼)作为研究对象,采用通用儿童图形视力表检查散瞳前后的视力,裂隙灯检查眼前节,直接检眼镜检查眼后节,排除眼部器质性病变。点光源照影法+交替遮盖、遮盖与去遮盖法检查眼位。对3~12岁视力低常者、斜视者采用1%阿托品眼膏散瞳验光, 3周后复验;12~15岁视力低常者、斜视者采用复方托吡卡胺滴眼液(商品名:美多丽),第2天复验。统计分析儿童视力调查结果。结果 8386例儿童(16772只眼)中,正常儿童3538例占42.19%,屈光不正儿童4742例占56.55%,弱视77例占0.92%,斜视11例占0.13%,色觉异常12例占0.14%,眼球震颤2例占0.02%,其他4例占0.05%,屈光不正儿童占比最高。3~5岁正常占比最高, 6~8近视发病率明显增高, 9~12岁儿童近视患病率明显增高,远视患病率逐减,符合儿童生长规律。各年龄段儿童近视与远视均以轻度为主。鄂温克族及蒙古族近视发病率偏低而远视发病率偏高,汉族近视发病率最高远视发病率最低,各民族近视及远视均以轻度为主。城市儿童近视患病率远高于牧区儿童,而牧区蒙古族儿童远视发病率又明显高于城市儿童,城市与牧区儿童近视与远视均以轻度为主。结论对儿童眼病进行调查是极其必要的,有利于儿童眼病早发现,早诊断,早治疗。Objective To investigate the occurrence of ophthalmopathy in children in Hulunbuir area.Methods A total of 8386 children(16772 eyes)in Hulunbeier area were selected as the research subjects.The visual acuity before and after mydriasis was examined by general children’s chart,anterior segment by slit lamp and posterior segment by direct ophthalmoscope,to rule out ocular organic diseases.Spot light source shadow+alternate covering,covering and de-covering method was used to check eye position.For those with low vision and strabismus aged 3-12 years old,1%atropine eye cream was used to astigmatism and re examined after 3 weeks;12-15 years old with low vision and strabismus use compound tropicamide eye drops(trade name:Mydrin),and retest on the 2nd day.The children’s vision survey results was statistically analyzed.Results Among the 8386 children(16772 eyes),3538 cases were normal,accounting for 42.19%,4742 cases were ametropic,accounting for 56.55%,77 cases were amblyopia,accounting for 0.92%,11 cases were strabismus,accounting for 0.13%,12 cases were abnormal color vision,accounting for 0.14%,2 cases were nystagmus,and the other 4 cases accounted for 0.05%,and ametropia accounted for the highest proportion.Children aged 3-5 years old had the highest normal visual acuity,and the incidence of myopia in children aged 6-8 years old was significantly higher.The prevalence of myopia in children aged 9-12 years was significantly higher,and the prevalence of hyperopia was decreasing,which was in line with the growth pattern of children.Myopia and hyperopia in children of all ages were mainly mild.The incidence of myopia in the Ewenki and Mongolian nationalities was relatively low while the incidence of hyperopia was relatively high.The incidence of myopia in the Han nationality was the highest and the incidence of hyperopia was the lowest.The myopia and hyperopia of all ethnic groups were mainly mild.The prevalence of myopia in urban children is much higher than that of children in pastoral areas,while the prevalence o

关 键 词：呼伦贝尔地区 儿童眼病 屈光不正 

分 类 号：R779.7[医药卫生—眼科]