豇豆贮藏期软腐病病原菌鉴定及其生物学特性研究  

Identification and Biological Characteristics of the Pathogen Causing Postharvest Decay of Cowpea

作　　者：洪小雨 李敏[1] 弓德强[1] 高兆银[1] 杨衍[2] 王义[3] 胡美姣[1] HONG Xiaoyu;LI Min;GONG Deqiang;GAO Zhaoyin;YANG Yan;WANG Yi;HU Meijiao(Environment and Plant Protection Institute,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Tropical Crops,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Haikou,Hainan 571101,China;Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Haikou,Hainan 571101,China;School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences,Hainan University,Haikou,Hainan 570228,China)

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所/农业农村部热带作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室,海南海口571101 [2]中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所,海南海口571101 [3]海南大学生命科学与药学院,海南海口570228

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2021年第4期1099-1105,共7页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：农业技术试验示范与服务支持项目(No.LJLZ-2019)。

摘　　要：豇豆是海南最主要的冬季瓜菜之一。2019年,调查发现豇豆贮运期间出现一种严重的软腐病。通过病原菌分离、致病性测定、形态学观察和分子生物学鉴定,鉴定该病原菌为瓜果腐霉[Pythium aphanidermatum(Edson)Fitzp.]。采用生长速率法对该病原菌生物学特性进行初步研究。结果表明:该菌菌落适宜生长温度范围为30~35℃,最适生长温度为35℃,菌落致死温度为50℃、10 min;适宜生长的pH为7.0~9.0,最适pH为9.0;最适碳源为可溶性淀粉;最适氮源为蛋白胨;不同光照条件对菌落生长没有显著影响。本研究首次报道瓜果腐霉(P.aphanidermatum)引起豇豆的采后病害。Cowpea is one of the most important winter vegetables in Hainan.The postharvest decay was occasionally found during storage of cowpea in 2019.The pathogen was confirmed to be Pythium aphanidermatum(Edson)Fitzp.based on cultural features,pathogenicity,morphological characteristics and molecular identification.In this study,the biological characteristics of P.aphanidermatum were preliminarily studied by the mycelium growth rate method.The results showed that the suitable temperature was 30℃to 35℃,and the optimum temperature was 35℃.The lethal temperature was 50℃for 10 min.The suitable pH value was 7.0 to 9.0,and the optimum pH value was 9.0.The optimal carbon source and nitrogen source were starch and peptone,respectively.Different light had no effect on the colony growth.To our knowledge,this is the first report of P.aphanidermatum caused postharvest decay of cowpea in China.

关 键 词：豇豆 瓜果腐霉 鉴定 贮藏期 生物学特性 

分 类 号：S643.4[农业科学—蔬菜学] S435.2[农业科学—园艺学]