饮食指导与家庭支持护理在慢性肾脏病维持性血液透析患者营养改善方面的应用  

Application of diet guidance and family support nursing in nutritional improvement of chronic kidney disease patients with maintenance hemodialysis

作　　者：许凤霞[1] 常玲玲[1] 刘芳 李瑞华 武文斌[1] XU Feng-xia;CHNG Ling-ling;LIU Fang;LI Rui-hua;WU Wen-bin(Department of Outpatient,Weifang Yidu Central Hospital,Shandong Province,Qingzhou262500,China;Department of Hemodialysis,Weifang Endocrinology and Metabolism Hospital,Shandong Province,Linqu262600,China;Department of Nephrology,Shouguang Xinhe Hospital,Shandong Province,Shouguang262700,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省潍坊市益都中心医院门诊部,山东青州262500 [2]山东省潍坊内分泌与代谢病医院血液净化室,山东临朐262600 [3]山东省寿光信合医院肾内科,山东寿光262700

出　　处：《中国当代医药》2021年第13期245-248,共4页China Modern Medicine

基　　金：山东省潍坊市卫生健康委员会科研立项项目(WFWSJK-2020-086)。

摘　　要：目的研究营养指导与家庭支持护理的方式改善慢性肾脏病维持性血液透析(MHD)患者营养状态的价值。方法选取2019年1月1日~12月31日于潍坊市益都中心医院行MHD终末期肾脏病患者60例,用随机数字表法将其分为营养指导组(A组)和非营养指导组(B组),每组各30例。采用3 d饮食随访记录法,结合《中国居民膳食指南(2016)》和《慢性肾脏病营养治疗实践指南(2018年版)》分析两组干预前膳食营养摄入情况;A组通过饮食咨询指导及家庭支持护理的方式饮食干预,B组接受常规护理和健康指导,12周后用同样方法重新评估两组膳食营养摄入情况。结果A组干预12周后膳食营养摄入情况较干预前明显改善,且热量、碳水化合物摄入量、脂肪摄入量优于B组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论饮食指导与家庭护理对慢性肾脏病MHD患者的营养改善有重要意义。Objective To study the value of improving nutritional status of maintenance hemodialysis(MHD)patients with chronic kidney disease through nutritional guidance and family support care.Methods A total of 60 cases end stage renal disease patients who underwent regular MHD in Weifang Yidu Central Hospital in Shandong Province from January 1 to December 31,2019 were selected and divided into nutrition guidance group(group A)and non-nutrition guidance group(group B),30 cases in each group.The patients were followed up for 3 days using the method of dietary follow-up records.The dietary nutritional intake of all patients before guidance was analyzed in combination with the Dietary Guidelines for Chinese Residents(2016)and the Practical Guidelines for Nutritional Therapy of Chronic Kidney Disease(2018).Group A received dietary guidance through dietary counseling guidance and family support care while group B received routine care and health guidance,and the dietary nutritional intake of both groups was reassessed 12 weeks later by the same method.Results The dietary nutrient intake of group A after 12 weeks of intervention was improved compared with that before intervention,and the intake of calories,carbohydrates and fat was better than that of group B,with statistical differences(P<0.05).Conclusion Dietary guidance and home care are of great significance in nutritional improvement of patients with chronic kidney disease on MHD.

关 键 词：饮食指导 家庭支持护理 营养 慢性肾脏病 血液透析 

分 类 号：R473.5[医药卫生—护理学]