多情景视角下基于空间组合识别的农村居民点布局优化研究——以江苏省新沂市为例  

Rural settlements layout optimization based on spatial combination identification from a multi-scenario perspective:Taking Xinyi city of Jiangsu province as an example

作　　者：魏璐瑶 陈娱[1,2,3] 张正方 陆玉麒 WEI Luyao;CHEN Yu;ZHANG Zhengfang;LU Yuqi(School of Geography Science,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing 210023,China;Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application,Nanjing 210023,China;Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment of Ministry of Education,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing 210023,China;College of Rural Vitalization,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing 210023,China)

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学地理科学学院,南京210023 [2]江苏省地理信息资源开发与利用协同创新中心,南京210023 [3]南京师范大学虚拟地理环境教育部重点实验室,南京210023 [4]南京师范大学乡村振兴研究院,南京210023

出　　处：《地理研究》2021年第4期977-993,共17页Geographical Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(41430635);国家自然科学基金项目(41701122);中国科学院区域可持续发展分析与模拟重点实验室开放基金。

摘　　要：快速城镇化时期,探索农村居民点空间布局优化方案,有利于挖掘土地资源利用潜力,加快落实乡村振兴实践。本文以江苏省新沂市农村居民点为例,"自下而上"地从地理区位、村庄特征、生态本底和资源禀赋4个方面进行优化适宜性评价;基于一定耕作腹地范围内的空间竞合关系,对不同耕作半径下的优化适宜性评价结果进行二次迭代修正;并"自上而下"地利用改进引力模型和社会网络分析方法,测度迭代保留农村居民点的功能辐射强度,最终凝练得到农村居民点动态优化方案和分类整治策略。结果表明:(1)新沂市农村居民点优化适宜性西部高东部低,空间异质性明显,生态本底和资源禀赋优势有助于空间集聚。(2)随着耕作半径扩大,迭代保留农村居民点数量指数型递减,且空间布局更为均衡分散。当耕作半径为3 km时,农村居民点保留率较0.5 km时降低了35.10%。(3)同等级农村居民点空间关联性较弱,0.5~2km耕作参数下,超过90%的农村居民点为中等功能辐射强度,高强度节点零星分散且多位于乡镇毗邻处。"优化适宜性评价-空间竞合迭代评价-地域功能网络评价"的空间组合识别方案,综合集成"自下而上适宜"与"自上而下统筹"原则,将为推进可持续的城乡空间重构和确立空间布局优化研究范式提供参考。With the rapid advancement of new urbanization,it is conductive to tap the potential of land resource utilization and promote rural revitalization practices while exploring reasonable solutions for the spatial layout optimization of rural settlements.Taking the rural settlements of Xinyi city in Jiangsu province as an example,first,we evaluated the optimal suitability from four aspects including geographical location,village characteristics,ecological background,and resource endowment based on"bottom-up appropriateness"principle.Second,considering the competition and cooperation relationship within a certain farming hinterland of rural settlements,we used the dynamic correction method of twice-iterative sequencing by computer to obtain the spatial layout scheme of rural settlements under different farming radii.Third,we used improved gravitational models and social network analysis methods to evaluate the radiation intensity of rural settlements under the dominance of regional functions based on"top-down domination"principle.Finally,we obtained a dynamic optimization scheme and management strategies with various kinds of rural settlements under different farming conditions.The results show that:(1)The optimal suitability of rural settlements is higher in the west and lower in the east of Xinyi city,and it presents an obvious spatial heterogeneity.The rural settlements with significant ecological background and resource endowment advantage tend to present spatial agglomeration development.(2)With the increase of tillage radii,the number of reserved rural settlements gradually decreases in an exponential way,and the spatial layout becomes more evenly dispersed after the twice-iterative operation.When the farming radius is 3 km,the retention rate of rural settlements is 35.10%lower than that of 0.5 km.(3)The interaction between rural settlements at the same level is less tight.More than 90%retained rural settlements present medium functional radiation intensity when the farming radii is 0.5 km to 2 km,while high-int

关 键 词：多情景模拟 空间组合 农村居民点 中心地理论 空间布局优化 新沂 江苏 

分 类 号：TU982.29[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]