浅谈黄土隧道未来技术发展  

Discussion on the Technological Development of Loess Tunnelling in the Future

作　　者：雷升祥 王飞[2] 于介[2] 邵生俊[3] 梁庆国[4] LEI Shengxiang;WANG Fei;YU Jie;SHAO Shengjun;LIANG Qingguo(China Railway Construction Corporation Limited,Beijing 100855;China Railway First Survey and Design Institute Group Co.,Ltd.,Xi′an 710043;Xi′an University of Technology,Xi′an 710048;Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070)

机构地区：[1]中国铁建股份有限公司,北京100855 [2]中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司,西安710043 [3]西安理工大学,西安710048 [4]兰州交通大学,兰州730070

出　　处：《现代隧道技术》2021年第2期1-7,共7页Modern Tunnelling Technology

摘　　要：黄土是我国极具特色的一种特殊土,其垂直节理发育,遇水容易软化,物理力学性能急剧下降,具有显著的工程特性。黄土隧道埋深一般较浅,尺度效应明显,建设中容易出现塌方、地表开裂、衬砌开裂、基底沉降、黄土斜坡变形、黄土陷穴等问题。近年来依托郑西、大西、宝兰、银西等高铁黄土隧道以及西安、郑州、洛阳、兰州等城市地铁黄土隧道的建设,开展了系列科学研究,取得了丰富的研究成果,很好地指导了工程实践。随着修建技术和装备水平的不断进步以及黄土地区各类隧道工程不断建设,文章从黄土隧道基础理论、勘察设计、施工技术、运营维护等层面入手分析,结合当前工程建设中出现的实际问题,提出一些新技术、新方向和新思考,亟待研究突破,可为黄土隧道未来修建技术的持续发展提供借鉴和参考。Loess is a special kind of soil with very unique characteristics in China.Its vertical joints are developed.When it meets water it is easy to soften,while its physical and mechanical properties could decline sharply,and so it has remarkable engineering characteristics.The depth of a loess tunnel is generally shallow with obvious scale effect.During construction,it is prone to various issues such as collapse,surface cracking,lining cracking,substrate settle⁃ment,loess slope deformation,and loess sinking,etc.In recent years,relying on the construction of the loess tunnels of high-speed railways such as the Zhengzhou-Xi′an high-speed railway,the Datong-Xi′an high-speed railway and the Baoji-Xi′an high-speed railway,as well as the loess tunnels of metro projects in Xi′an,Zhengzhou,Luoyang and Lanzhou,a series of scientific researches have been carried out,which have obtained rich research results,pro⁃viding good guidance to the engineering practice.With the continuous progress of construction technology and equipment level as well as the implementation of various tunnel projects in loess areas,this paper summarizes the state of the art in terms of the basic theory,survey and design,construction,operation and maintenance of loess tun⁃nels.With consideration to the actual problems arising in the current engineering construction,it puts forward some new technologies,new trends and new ideas pending for further research and breakthrough,which could provide a reference for the continuous development of loess tunnel construction technology in the future.

关 键 词：本构关系 湿陷变形 二元地层 固结沉降 深浅埋 机械化配套 智能建造 

分 类 号：U455.4[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]