汉麻生物脱胶技术研究进展  

Development of Hemp Biological Retting Technology

作　　者：刘嘉乐 孙宇峰[3] 王伟东[1,2] LIU Jiale;SUN Yufeng;WANG Weidong(Collge of Life Science and Biotechnology,Heilongjiang Bayi Agriculural University,Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology and Reeyeling of Argo-Waste in Cold Region,Daqing,Heilongjiang 163319,China;Engineering Research Center of Processing and Uilization of Grain By-products,Ministry of Education,Daqing,Heilongjiang 163319,China;Daqing Branch of Heilongiang Academy of Sciences,Daqing,Heilongjiang 163319,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江八一农垦大学生命科学技术学院/寒区环境微生物与农业废弃物资源化利用重点实验室,黑龙江大庆163319 [2]粮食副产物加工与利用教育部工程研究中心,黑龙江大庆163319 [3]黑龙江省科学院大庆分院,黑龙江大庆163319

出　　处：《中国麻业科学》2021年第2期97-103,共7页Plant Fiber Sciences in China

基　　金：黑龙江省自然科学基金重点项目(ZD2018005);黑龙江农垦总局科技攻关项目(HKKY190404);黑龙江省现代农业产业技术协同创新推广体系麻类(工业)(HLJAIS-MI2019-16);国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0800906-03);黑龙江省高校科技创新团队项目(2012TD006);黑龙江八一农垦大学科技创新团队项目(TDJH201809)。

摘　　要：汉麻脱胶技术作为衔接汉麻种植与后续应用的关键节点,是充分发挥汉麻经济价值的核心技术。汉麻脱胶技术的发展经历了传统沤麻法、工业生产常用的化学法、发展中的微生物接种法和酶法的演变过程。以微生物作为主要脱胶媒介的汉麻生物脱胶技术与化学法脱胶相比,其整体资源投入较少、环境污染小、反应条件相对温和、汉麻纤维品质优异。文章重点介绍了汉麻微生物脱胶技术及其主要形式,分析了这些方法的优缺点、研究进展和优化方向,以期为汉麻生物脱胶的研究提供一定的借鉴与参考。Hemp retting technology is crucial to fully explore the economic value of hemp.The development of the technology has experienced traditional retting method,chemical methods commonly used in industrial production,and the developing microbial inoculation method and enzymatic method.Compared with chemical retting technology,the hemp biological retting technology,which uses microorganisms as the main retting agent,has less overall resource input,less environmental pollution,relatively mild reaction conditions,and excellent hemp fiber quality.This article introduced the retting technology with microorganisms as the main agent,analyzed the advantages and disadvantages of the method,research progress,and optimization directions,in order to provide a certain reference for the research.

关 键 词：汉麻 微生物脱胶 酶法脱胶 纤维质量 

分 类 号：S563.3[农业科学—作物学]