法律实践与乡村秩序体系的建构——基于韩村土地承包费纠纷的考察  

The Practice of Law and Construction of Rural Order System——Investigation on the Dispute of Land Fee in Hancun

作　　者：黄政 黄家亮[1] HUANG Zheng;HUANG Jialiang

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学社会学理论与方法研究中心,北京100872

出　　处：《华中农业大学学报（社会科学版）》2021年第3期138-145,190,共9页Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：中国人民大学“统筹推进世界一流大学和一流学科建设”专项经费项目“中国农村社会变迁与治理转型”(15XNLG04);中国人民大学2020年度拔尖创新人才培育资助计划。

摘　　要：“乡村秩序何以维系”一直是基层治理的核心议题,通过考察韩村村集体与村民间的土地承包费纠纷,着力探讨法律在乡村中的运作实践和乡村秩序体系的建构。研究结果表明,法律运作逻辑与农民认知间存在明显差异,农民持有整体性的权利义务观,法律则遵循局部性的权利义务观,导致双方往往对同一事实形成不同判定并产生分歧,降低了农民对法律的效果认同。法律在乡村的实践过程呈现出“运动式”特点,强制的法律只能实现对乡村一时的主导,一旦退出村庄,情理便再度兴起,由此形塑出“情理长期在场、法律间歇主导”的乡村秩序体系,在建构乡村双重治理规则空间的同时也影响着纠纷的现实走向与结果。当前村治困境部分源于国家使用法律来改造既有的乡村秩序体系,却难以保证法律的执行效果,未能建立起法律的权威,鉴于此,要建立起有效的法律执行体系,保证法律被彻底贯彻,强化在农民生活中的效用发挥。Based on the case of Hancun Village Committee suing villagers for land rent,this paper probes into the implementation of law in rural areas and the construction of rural order.The results show that there are discrepancies between legal logic and people’s perception.Farmers hold holistic view of rights while the law holds partial view of rights,which often leads to different judgment and conflicts and reduces farmers’recognition of the effects of law.Secondly,the enforcement of law shows the characteristics of“campaign”.The compulsory law can only be effective in the village for a short time.The old order comes into operation once the law is withdrawn from the village,thus shaping the rural order system into“long-term existence of old order and intermittent dominance of law”,which influences the realistic trend and result of disputes while constructing the rural dual governance space.At present,the dilemma of village governance stems from the system of the state’s failure to ensure the effectiveness and authority of laws while using laws to transform the existing rural order.Therefore,it is necessary to establish an effective law enforcement system to ensure its thorough implementation and enable law to play its role in the farmers’life.

关 键 词：乡村秩序体系 情理 法律 土地承包费 运动式法律 

分 类 号：C913.9[经济管理]