建立可调控撕裂长度的StanfordA型主动脉夹层家猪模型  

Establishment of Stanford Type A Aortic Dissection Animal Model with Adjustable Tear Length in Swine

作　　者：张丹 王宝珠[2] 孟凡华[1] 汪浩 孙惠萍[2] 马翔[1] ZHANG Dan;WANG Baozhu;MENG Fanhua;WANG Hao;SUN Huiping;MA Xiang(Second Department of Coronary Heart DiseaseCardiac Intensive Care Unit,,Urumqi 830054,China;Second Department of Coronary Heart Disease the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University,Urumqi 830054,China;Department of Cardiology,the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University,Urumqi 830054,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆医科大学第一附属医院冠心病二科,新疆乌鲁木齐830054 [2]新疆医科大学第一附属医院心脏中心重症监护室,新疆乌鲁木齐830054 [3]新疆医科大学第二附属医院心血管内科,新疆乌鲁木齐830054

出　　处：《河南医学研究》2021年第10期1740-1743,共4页Henan Medical Research

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金项目(2016D01C305)。

摘　　要：目的建立可调控撕裂长度的Stanford A型主动脉夹层(AD)家猪模型,探讨治疗Stanford A型AD的新途径。方法选取12只成年健康家猪,平均体质量为(50.25±6.09)kg。行胸部正中切口,使用主动脉侧壁钳阻断升主动脉侧壁1/2周径,沿升主动脉长轴使用尖刀片纵行切开升主动脉外膜及中膜外1/2,切口长1~2 cm。松开侧壁钳,找到升主动脉中膜间隙,用自制血管壁分离器向四周钝性分离2~3 cm,造成AD假腔。随后反复静脉推注1~2 mg肾上腺素诱发波动高血压,建立可调控撕裂长度的Stanford A型AD家猪模型。取主动脉组织用于肉眼观察和组织学检查。结果在12只家猪中,11只家猪被成功建立Stanford A型AD模型。静脉推注肾上腺素后,观察到AD形成并向远端撕裂。解剖主动脉后肉眼见主动脉中层分离,假腔形成。主动脉标本组织学切片可见主动脉中膜撕裂,符合AD病理学表现。家猪Stanford A型AD模型平均近端瘤体直径为(13.45±1.63)mm,平均瘤体直径为(21.91±2.47)mm,平均夹层撕裂长度为(142.27±14.44)mm。结论本实验成功构建了操作简单、建模率高的家猪Stanford A型AD模型。该模型在形态学上再现了人体AD的特征。Objective To establish Stanford type A aortic dissection animal model with adjustable tear length in swine and explore its new treatment approaches.Methods A total of 12 adult healthy swines with an average body weight of(50.25±6.09)kg were selected.A chest median incision was performed,and half of the circumference of the lateral wall of the ascending aorta was blocked using an aortic lateral wall clamp.Along the long axis of the ascending aorta,a longitudinal incision with a length of approximately 1 to 2 cm was made using a sharp blade across the adventitia and one half of the media.The lateral wall clamp was loosened,and the medial space of the ascending aorta was exposed.A custom vascular wall separator was used for the 2 to 3 cm blunt separation of the surroundings to induce an AD false lumen.Subsequently,epinephrine with 1 to 2 mg was injected intravenously repeatedly to induce fluctuating hypertension,and Stanford type A AD animal model with an adjustable tear length was established.Aortic tissue was taken for macroscopic observation and histological examination.Results Among 12 swines,Stanford type A AD animal model was successfully established in 11 swines.After intravenous injection of epinephrine,the formation of AD and tearing to the distal end were visually observed.After dissecting the aorta,the separation of aorta middle layer and the formation of false lumen could be observed.Tissue sections of aortic specimens revealed aortic media tearing,which was consistent with the pathological presentation of AD.The mean proximal tumor diameter,mean tumor diameter and mean interlayer tear length of Stanford type A AD model were(13.45±1.63),(21.91±2.47)and(142.27±14.44)mm,respectively.Conclusion In this experiment,Stanford type A AD model of swine is successfully constructed with simple operation and high modeling rate,which reproduces the characteristics of human AD in morphology.

关 键 词：主动脉夹层 家猪 动物模型 

分 类 号：R363.2[医药卫生—病理学]