儿童智力低下的早期干预及早期筛查  

Early Intervention and Screening of Mental Retardation in Children

作　　者：吴小红 WU Xiao-hong(Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture Maternal and Child Health and Family Planning Service Center,Gannan,Gansu 747000)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省甘南藏族自治州妇幼保健计划生育服务中心,甘肃甘南747000

出　　处：《智慧健康》2021年第1期77-79,共3页Smart Healthcare

摘　　要：目的回顾性分析我院儿童智力低下早期筛查结果,制定早期干预方案。方法选择2019年1月1日至2020年6月30日于我院进行智力低下早期筛查的3117例儿童为研究对象,根据儿童年龄选择0~6岁儿童神经心理发育量表、新生儿20项行为神经测查法、婴幼儿孤独症筛查量表进行评估,总结筛查结果并针对性提出早期干预方案。结果 0~6岁儿童神经心理发育量表筛查结果显示3117例儿童中智能高14例,智能中上170例,智能中等2462例,智能中下465例,智能低下6例。在各项内容评分上,智能正常儿童大运动、精细动作、语言能力、适应性行为、个人-社交行为评分较智能低下儿童更高,数据差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。本组儿童中符合新生儿20项行为神经测查法测定标准共13例,筛查结果显示正常儿童13例。本组儿童中符合婴幼儿孤独症筛查量表测定标准共1082例,筛查结果显示正常儿童1081例,孤独症患儿1例。结论联合应用多种筛查量表可有效早期筛查儿童智力低下,针对此类患儿需重视院内干预与家庭干预,医生与家属相互合作,制定完善干预计划,加强日常培训与感官刺激,才可促进患儿智力发育,提高社会适应力。Objective To retrospectively analyze the results of early screening for mental retardation in children in our hospital,and formulate early intervention program.Methods Three thousand one hundred and seventeen children with mental retardation in our hospital from January 1,2019 to June 30,2020 were selected as the research objects.According to the children’s age,0~6 years old children’s neuropsychological development scale,neonatal 20 behavioral neurological test and infant autism screening scale were selected for evaluation.The screening results were summarized and the early intervention program was proposed.Results The screening results of neuropsychological development scale for 0~6 years old children showed that 14 of 3117 children had high intelligence,170 children with moderate intelligence,2462 cases with moderate intelligence,465 cases with moderate intelligence,and 6 cases with low intelligence.In terms of content scores,the scores of big movement,fine movement,language ability,adaptive behavior and personal social behavior of normal intelligent children were higher than those of low intelligence children,and the data difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).In this group of children,13 cases met the 20 criteria of neonatal behavioral neurometry.The screening results showed that 13 cases were normal children.In this group of children,1082 cases met the criteria of autism screening scale for infants.The screening results showed that 1081 cases of normal children,1 case of autism.Conclusion Combined Application of multiple screening scales can effectively screen children with mental retardation in the early stage.For such children,attention should be paid to hospital intervention and family intervention,doctors and family members should cooperate with each other,formulate and improve intervention plan,strengthen daily training and sensory stimulation,so as to promote children’s intellectual development and improve social adaptability.

关 键 词：儿童智力低下 早期筛查 早期干预 

分 类 号：R748[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]