马铃薯芽前除草剂的筛选  

Screening of Pre-emergence Herbicide Applied to Potato Fields

作　　者：方治国 杨伟[1] 宿秀丽[1] 温海霞[1] 张杰[1] 沈辉 王四清[1] FANG Zhiguo;YANG Wei;SU Xiuli;WEN Haixia;ZHANG Jie;SHEN Hui;WANG Siqing(Xiangyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Xiangyang,Hubei 441057,China;Xiangyang Foundation Seed Farm,Xiangyang,Hubei 441122,China)

机构地区：[1]襄阳市农业科学院,湖北襄阳441057 [2]襄阳市原种繁殖场,湖北襄阳441122

出　　处：《中国马铃薯》2021年第2期141-147,共7页Chinese Potato Journal

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0200800)。

摘　　要：马铃薯(Solanum tuberosum L.)生产上,常因选择除草剂种类不当及使用技术不合理,造成马铃薯药害和杂草防效低下时常发生。为探讨适宜鄂北平原地区马铃薯安全高效芽前除草剂,研究了6种除草剂对马铃薯安全性、田间杂草防治及增产效果。除45%异松·乙草胺乳油1.5 L/hm^(2)出现轻微药害外,其他药剂相对安全。不同的除草剂均可以有效地控制田间杂草,增加马铃薯产量,其中33%二甲戊灵乳油2.25 L/hm^(2)、45%异松·乙草胺乳油1.5 L/hm^(2)、48%氟乐灵乳油1.5 L/hm^(2)、39%甲戊·噁草酮悬浮剂2.25 L/hm^(2)对田间杂草株防效和鲜重防效均在90%以上,较对照清水喷施处理增产9.7%~11.3%。综合考虑安全性、防效、产量等指标,初步筛选出33%二甲戊灵乳油、48%氟乐灵乳油、39%甲戊·噁草酮悬浮剂3种安全高效芽前除草剂。In potato(Solanum tuberosum L.)production,improper selection of herbicides and unreasonable use of technology often cause potato damage and reduce weed control effect.In order to explore the safe and efficient pre-emergence herbicides for potato production in north Hubei plain area,the effects of six herbicides on potato safety,weed control and yield were studied.Except 45%Command-Acetochlor EC 1.5 L/ha,others were relatively safe for potato plants.All the herbicides tested could effectively control weeds and increase potato yield,of which the control effect of 33%Pendimethalin EC 2.25 L/ha,45%Command-Acetochlor EC 1.5 L/ha,48%Trifluralin EC 1.5 L/ha and 39%Pendimethalin-Oxadiazon SC 2.25 L/ha on weed plant and fresh weight were above 90%,and the yield increased by 9.7%to 11.3%compared with the control(water spraying).Considering safety,control effect and yield,three safe and effective pre-emergence herbicides,33%Pendimethalin EC,48%Trifluralin EC and 39%Pendimethalin-Oxadiazon SC,were preliminarily screened out.

关 键 词：马铃薯 除草剂 药效 产量 

分 类 号：S532[农业科学—作物学]