专利保护与产出不确定下闭环供应链定价与协调  

Pricing and coordination of closed-loop supply chain under patent protection and random yield

作　　者：许民利[1] 王竟竟 简惠云[1] XU Minli;WANG Jingjing;JIAN Huiyun(Business School,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China;School of Mathematics and Finance,Hunan University of Humanities,Science and Technology,Loudi 417000,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学商学院,湖南长沙410083 [2]湖南人文科技学院数学与金融学院,湖南娄底417000

出　　处：《管理工程学报》2021年第3期119-129,共11页Journal of Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(19BGL099);中南大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(2019zzts205);湖南省教育厅科学研究项目(18C0879)。

摘　　要：考虑由原制造商和第三方再制造商构成的闭环供应链系统,基于再制造产品产出的不确定性,在两种不同的专利费收取模式下,构建竞争和合作下的决策模型,设计了基于Shapley值的收益共享契约,并通过数值模拟验证了模型的可行性和参数的灵敏度。研究结果表明:相比单位专利许可费的竞争模式,固定专利许可费下竞争的渠道效率更高;在不同决策模式下,竞争程度的增加会使原制造商和供应链的期望收益增加;再制造产出率的不确定性增加,新产品和再制造产品的最优销售价格会增加,废旧产品的回收价格会降低,消费者社会福利将减少,再制造商的回收积极性也会降低;协调契约可以提高原制造商和再制造商的收益以达到双赢。The closed-loop supply chain can realize the remanufacturing of used products and form a closed-loop feedback process of“resources-production-consumption-renewable resources”.It can achieve enormous benefits of economy,society,and environment simultaneously,and ultimately realize sustainable economic and social development.Therefore,many enterprises,including for example original manufacturers and independent third-party enterprises,have attempted to participate in the remanufacturing industry due to its broad prospects.Original manufacturers have the advantage of technology and brand in remanufacturing activities.However,when they are far from the market,especially when they are limited by technology,market,and business strategies,they lack the motivation of remanufacturing for the consideration of cost or brand protection.Meanwhile,due to legal restrictions and government support,the original manufacturer cannot prevent third-party remanufacturers from participating in recycling and remanufacturing used products.Given that,the remanufactured products will inevitably bring a certain competitive threat to new products.The original manufacturers can increase the cost of remanufacturer via the patent protection of products,so as to increase their competitiveness.Previous researchers have conducted extensive studies on the pricing strategy of new products protected by patents and remanufactured products when the output of products is determined.However,the remanufacturing industry still faces several challenges including incomprehensive,recycling system,immature technology,and scarce raw materials.These challenges have caused the remanufacturing industry to fall into an awkward situation of“no rice for cooking”.Moreover,the output of remanufacturer is highly uncertain.Based on the existing practical background and theoretical analysis,this paper firstly expands the deterministic remanufactured product output rate to a random remanufacturing yield,and considers a closed-loop supply chain system consisting of

关 键 词：闭环供应链 随机产出 专利保护 延迟定价策略 

分 类 号：F270[经济管理—企业管理]