小麦种子颜色测定的色差计法和目测法及对穗发芽抗性的鉴定效果  

Colorimeter Method and Visual Method for Determining the Color of Wheat Grain and Identification Effect of Resistance to Pre-Harvest Sprouting

作　　者：陈泠[1] 朱展望[1] 刘易科[1] 佟汉文[1] 何伟杰 邹娟[1] 张宇庆[1] 高春保[1,2] CHEN Ling;ZHU Zhanwang;LIU Yike;TONG Hanwen;HE Weijie;ZOU Juan;ZHANG Yuqing;GAO Chunbao(Institute of Food Crops,Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic Improvement,Hubei Engineering and Technology Research Center of Wheat/Wheat Disease Biology Research Station in Central China,Ministry of Agriculture,Wuhan,Hubei 430064,China;Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry,Yangtze University,Jingzhou,Hubei 434025,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北省农业科学院粮食作物研究所/粮食作物种质创新与遗传改良湖北省重点实验室/农业部华中地区小麦病害生物学科学观测实验站/湖北省小麦工程技术研究中心,湖北武汉430064 [2]主要粮食作物产业化湖北省协同创新中心,长江大学,湖北荆州434025

出　　处：《麦类作物学报》2021年第4期424-429,共6页Journal of Triticeae Crops

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0100802,2016YFD0101802);国家小麦产业技术体系项目(CARS-03);湖北省技术创新专项重大项目(2018ABA085);粮食作物种质创新与遗传改良湖北省重点实验室开放课题(2017lzjj02)。

摘　　要：为了解种子颜色目测法和色差计法对小麦穗发芽抗性的鉴定效果,利用这两种方法对1018份小麦材料种子颜色进行测定,并分析了色差计量指标L^(*)、a^(*)、b^(*)及a^(*)/b^(*)、b^(*)/a^(*)、a^(*)/L^(*)、b^(*)/L^(*)值与种子颜色和穗发芽抗性的关系。结果表明:(1)红粒小麦a^(*)、a^(*)/b^(*)和a^(*)/L^(*)的均值均显著高于白粒小麦,其他指标均值显著低于白粒小麦;(2)a^(*)/b^(*)和b^(*)/a^(*)值与种子颜色相关性强,相关系数分别为-0.934和0.941,其线性回归方程可用于判断小麦种子颜色;(3)红粒小麦的穗发芽抗性显著高于白粒小麦,但不同红粒品种之间穗发芽抗性差异很大,变异系数为122.36%;(4)种子颜色及a^(*)/b^(*)和b^(*)/a^(*)值与穗发芽抗性相关性强,相关系数分别为0.854、-0.831和0.835;其次是a^(*)/L^(*)值与穗发芽抗性的相关性,其相关系数为-0.735;(5)目测法获得的种子颜色可解释穗发芽抗性72.9%的变异,色差计参数可解释穗发芽抗性72.5%的变异,但在单独分析时,色差计参数对红粒和白粒小麦穗发芽抗性分别仅能解释11.4%和8.7%的变异。总之,色差计法测量种子颜色,可以作为目测法判别小麦种子颜色的补充方法,用于种子颜色定性和定量比较分析。尽管红粒小麦比白粒小麦抗穗发芽,但鉴于红粒小麦品种(系)间穗发芽抗性差异很大,仍需进行穗发芽抗性鉴定。In order to understand the effect of visual method and colorimeter for identification of resistance to pre-harvest sprouting,the grain colors of 1018 wheat materials were determined with the two methods,and the relationship between color measurement indexes including L^(*),a^(*),b^(*),a^(*)/b^(*),b^(*)/a^(*),a^(*)/L^(*)and b^(*)/L^(*)were analyzed.The results showed that:the mean values of a^(*),a^(*)/b^(*)and a^(*)/L^(*)of red-grained wheat were significantly higher than those of white-grained wheat,and the average values of other indexes were significantly lower than those of white-grained wheat.a^(*)/b^(*)and b^(*)/a^(*)values had strong correlation with grain color,and the correlation coefficients were-0.934 and 0.941,respectively.Grain color,a^(*)/b^(*)and b^(*)/a^(*)had strong correlation with pre-harvest sprouting resistance,and the correlation coefficients were 0.854,-0.831 and 0.835,respectively.The correlation coefficient between a^(*)/L^(*)value and pre-harvest sprouting resistance was-0.735.The grain color obtained by visual method can explain 72.9%of the variation of pre-harvest sprouting resistance.The colorimeter method can explain 72.5%of the variation of pre-harvest sprouting resistance,but only 11.4%and 8.7%of the variation of red-grained and white-grained wheat can be explained by colorimeter method,respectively.To conclude,the colorimeter method can be used as a supplementary method to visual method to determine the color of wheat grain,which can be used for qualitative and quantitative comparative analysis of grain color.Although red-grained wheat is more resistant to pre-harvest germination than white-grained wheat,it is still necessary to identify the pre-harvest sprouting resistance in view of the great difference in pre-harvest sprouting resistance among red-grained wheat varieties.

关 键 词：小麦 种子颜色 目测法 色差计 穗发芽 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S330