事件切割对时距知觉的影响:基于记忆碎片效应的研究  

The Influence of Event Segmentation on Duration Perception: A Research of Memento Effect

作　　者：张嘉欣 陈璇 钱彬彬 韩丹 王璐 张智君[1] ZHANG Jiaxin;CHEN Xuan;QIAN Binbin;HAN Dan;WANG Lu;ZHANG Zhijun(Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学心理与行为科学系,杭州310058

出　　处：《心理与行为研究》2021年第2期145-151,共7页Studies of Psychology and Behavior

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31371039)。

摘　　要：当一段连续的运动被分割为多个片段且改变顺序时,观察者对它的时距估计会缩短,这一现象称为“记忆碎片效应”。该效应的产生是源于事件切割还是时空可预测性的变化,目前仍然存在争议。本研究在前人范式的基础上,通过控制时空可预测性、诱发事件切割(实验1、2),或保持事件数不变、改变时空可预测性(实验3)来探讨上述问题。结果发现,事件切割可导致主观时距缩短,而时空可预测性的变化则不产生影响。由此可见,事件切割而非时空可预测性是产生记忆碎片效应的原因,且在记忆碎片效应下事件切割可导致主观时距缩短。Memento effect refers to the phenomenon that when a continuous motion is divided into multiple segments and presented in an inverted order,the observer estimate the motion`s duration to be shorter.Whether this effect arises from event segmentation or spatiotemporal predictability is still unknown.Based on the previous paradigm,this study explored this issue by keeping the spatiotemporal predictability unchanged,and inducing event segmentation(Experiments 1,2),or maintaining the number of perceived events unchanged and changing spatiotemporal predictability(Experiment 3).It was found that event segmentation can lead to a shortened duration estimation,while changes in the spatiotemporal predictability have no effect.It can be seen that memento effect arises from the change in the number of perceived events,and event segmentation under the memento paradigm can lead to a shortened duration estimation.

关 键 词：时距知觉 事件切割 记忆碎片效应 时空可预测性 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]