采前茉莉酸甲酯处理对金秋梨果实抗病性及品质的影响  

Effects of Pre-harvest Methyl Jasmonate Treatment on Disease Resistance and Qualities of‘Jinqiu'Pear Fruits

作　　者：李丽 彭舒[1] 宋情来 简青 严红光[1] LI Li;PENG Shu;SONG Qing-lai;JIAN Qing;YAN Hong-guang(Kaili University,Kaili 556011,China)

机构地区：[1]凯里学院,贵州凯里556011

出　　处：《保鲜与加工》2021年第5期14-19,共6页Storage and Process

基　　金：贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合LH字[2016]7329号);贵州省特色重点实验室项目(黔教合KY字[2017]011)。

摘　　要：为防控采后金秋梨轮纹病的发生,本试验研究采前茉莉酸甲酯(MeJA)处理对金秋梨果实抗病性和品质的影响。结果表明:采前10 mmol/L MeJA处理可以有效抑制采后金秋梨轮纹病的发病及病斑直径的扩大;采前MeJA处理的金秋梨果实被刺伤接种葡萄座腔菌(Botryosphaeria dothidea)后,在常温(25±2)℃条件下贮藏第16天,其发病率和病斑直径分别比对照降低了10个百分点和11.3 mm;采前MeJA处理能够提高金秋梨成熟果实几丁质酶(CHI)、β-1,3-葡聚糖酶(GLU)、苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)、过氧化物酶(POD)、多酚氧化酶(PPO)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)等抗性相关酶的活性,抑制丙二醛(MDA)的生成,促进总酚物质的生成,从而提高果实的抗病性,抑制金秋梨成熟果实轮纹病的发生;同时采前MeJA处理能够延缓VC含量的下降和失重率的上升,提高果实的贮藏品质。In the present study,the effects of pre-harvest methyl jasmonate(MeJA)treatment on disease resistance and qualities of'Jinqiu'pear fruits were investigated aiming to prevent and control the postharvest ring rot disease.The results showed that pre-harvest MeJA treatment of 10 mmol/L could effectively inhibit the occurrence of postharvest ring rot and enlargement of lesion diameter of"Jinqiu'pears.Compared with the control,the incidence rates and lesion diameters of pear fruits were decreased by 10 percentage points and 11.3 mm respectively after pre-harvest MeJA treatment and Botryosphaeria dothidea wound-inoculation on the 16th day under room temperature(25±2)℃.Besides,pre-harvest MeJA treatment could also improve disease resistance of ripe‘Jinqiu’pear fruits by increasing the activities of defense-ralated enzymes including chitinase(CHI),β-1,3-glucoglyase(GLU),phenylalanine deaminase(PAL),peroxidase(POD),polyphenol oxidase(PPO)and hydrogen peroxide(CAT),reducing the production of malondialdehyde(MDA)and promoting the generation of total phenolic substances,finally achieving the purpose of preventing ring rot occurrence of ripe fruits.Moreover,pre-harvest MeJA treatment could delay the decline of vitamin C contents and the increase of weightless rates to improve storage qualities of pears.

关 键 词：金秋梨 茉莉酸甲酯 轮纹病 葡萄座腔菌 品质 

分 类 号：S661.2[农业科学—果树学]