国家认同的建构:“自主选择”政策下新加坡华人对华文教育认同的转向(1956-1987)  

Establishment of the State Identity:The Transition of the Chinese Educational Identity of Singaporean Chinese under the "Independent Choice" Policy(1956-1987)

作　　者：周杰城 ZHOU Jiecheng(College of Sociology and History,Fujian Normal University,Fuzhou 350100,Fujian,China)

机构地区：[1]福建师范大学社会历史学院,福建福州350100

出　　处：《惠州学院学报》2021年第1期111-117,共7页Journal of Huizhou University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(16CSS019)。

摘　　要：1956年,新加坡《教育政策白皮书》宣布一律平等对待英文、马来文、中文、淡米尔文等四种语言教育。该政策的颁布意味着政府摒弃了之前对华文教育的限制政策,家长拥有自由选择子女上何种语言源流学校的权利。然而,在该政策出台后,华人族群认同与教育认同形成了悖论关系。被赋予自由选择权后,原来担心自己族群文化被压制、坚守华文认同的华人群体反而通常将子女送入英校接受教育,更有甚者将华语视为不成功者的语言。新加坡华校因招生人数逐步萎缩而走向衰落。在本质上,"自主选择"政策破除了政策层面限制华文教育发展的桎梏,实际上是借"自主选择"之名,行淡化华文认同之实。华文教育的颓势其实是新加坡力图建构超越语言和族群国家认同的产物。In 1956,Singapore’s "White Paper on Education Policy" announced that four language education,including English,Malay,Chinese,and Tamil,would be treated equally. Parents have the right to choose which language source school their children go to,and the previous restrictions on Chinese education are abandoned. However,after the promulgation of this policy,ethnic Chinese identity and educational identity have formed a paradoxical relationship. After being given the right to choose freely,Chinese groups who were worried that their ethnic culture would be suppressed and adhere to Chinese identity usually sent their children to English schools for education,and even regarded Chinese as the language of unsuccessful people. The number of Chinese schools students gradually shrinks and declines. In essence,although the "independent choice" policy has broken the shackles that restrict the development of Chinese education at the policy level,it actually plays down the reality of Chinese identity in the name of "independent choice". The decline in Chinese education is actually a product of Singapore’s efforts to establish a national identity beyond language and ethnicity.

关 键 词：新加坡 华文学校 教育政策 教育认同 

分 类 号：K153[历史地理—历史学]