短期高原抗阻练习对人骨骼肌的影响及基因芯片分析  

The Effect of Short-term High-altitude Resistance Exercise on Skeletal Muscle and its mRNA Microarray Analysis

作　　者：王宁琦[1,2] 包大鹏 龚丽景[1] 晏冰[1] 胡扬[1] Wang Ningqi;Bao Dapeng;Gong Lijing;Yan Bing;Hu Yang(Beijing Sport University,Beijing 100084,China;Hubei Key Laboratory of Sport Training and Monitoring,College of Health Science,Wuhan Sports University,Wuhan 430079,China)

机构地区：[1]北京体育大学,北京100084 [2]武汉体育学院健康科学学院,运动训练监控湖北省重点实验室,武汉430079

出　　处：《中国运动医学杂志》2021年第2期98-108,共11页Chinese Journal of Sports Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31470059)。

摘　　要：目的:通过基因芯片技术筛选短期高原抗阻练习后骨骼肌差异表达基因,运用生物信息学手段筛选关键调控通路,探寻高原抗阻练习对人骨骼肌影响的分子调控机制。方法:12名男性大学生分为对照组(C组,n=6)和训练组(HR组,n=6)。C组和HR组在海拔3700米高原(拉萨)暴露10天。两组的饮食和日常生活与平原保持一致。HR组以负重深蹲练习(75%1RM)为主要锻炼方式进行隔日抗阻练习,每组重复10次,组间间歇1分钟,共5组。两组受试者的所有测试均在高原暴露前后的常氧环境中进行,利用核磁共振、双能X线吸收法分别测试大腿肌肉横截面积(cross sectional area,CSA)和体成分;对股外侧肌中部肌肉进行活检;采用Agilent人基因表达谱芯片分析差异表达基因。利用Gene ontology和KEGG数据库对差异基因进行基因注解和通路分析;利用荧光实时定量PCR(RT-qPCR)对HR组芯片进行验证。结果:(1)10天高原暴露后,仅C组的瘦体重和CSA出现显著性下降。(2)通过1.5倍差异基因筛选,HR组有432个差异基因,C组有454个差异基因。(3)经KEGG分析,高原暴露后C组和HR组分别有4条和11条信号通路具有统计学意义,同时发现FOXO(forkhead box)、胰岛素和ErbB(erythroblastic oncogene B)等调控骨骼肌体积的信号通路中有差异基因富集。结论:高原抗阻练习可有效减缓低氧诱导的骨骼肌萎缩,维持肌肉质量。高原抗阻练习对骨骼肌的影响可能涉及FOXO、ErbB以及胰岛素信号通路中相关基因的变化。Objective To explore the effect of short-term high-altitude resistance exercise on skeletal muscle and its molecular mechanism using the technology of microarray to find the differentially expressed genes and bioinformatics to screen key regulatory pathways. Methods Twelve male undergraduate volunteers were randomly divided into a control group(C,n=6) and a resistance exercise group(HR,n=6). Both groups had the same diet all the time. During their stay at 3700 m above the sea level(in Lhasa) for 10 days, HR group underwent the resistance exercise of 10 weight-bearing squats(75% 1RM) for five times with an interval of 1 minute every other day,while the control group did not exercise. All the following tests were performed in normoxic condition before and after the high-altitude exposure. Magnetic resonance imaging and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry were used to measure the cross-sectional area(CSA) of the thigh and body composition respectively. Muscle samples were obtained from the vastus lateralis by biopsies and Agilent mRNA array was used to analyze the differentially expressed genes. Gene ontology and KEGG database were used in the gene annotation and pathway analysis. The validation of microarray was analyzed using the real-time fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR assay. Results After the high-altitude exposure,the average lean mass and leg muscle CSA decreased significantly only in group C. The gene array(≥1.5 fold) found 432 mRNAs in group HR and 454 in group C after the exposure. According to KEGG analysis,after the exposure,4 pathways in group C and 11 in group HR were of significance,and genes in muscle hypotrophy pathways such as forkhead box(FOXO),erythroblastic oncogene B(ErbB) and insulin were significantly expressed.Conclusion High-altitude resistance exercise can effectively slow down muscle wasting caused by the high-altitude exposure,which may be related to FOXO,ErbB and insulin pathways and their relatedgenes.

关 键 词：高原 抗阻练习 骨骼肌 基因芯片 

分 类 号：G808.1[文化科学—体育训练] G804.2[文化科学—运动人体科学]