基于变权威胁评估的无人机安全飞行区域确定方法  

Determining safe flight area of UAVs based on variable weight threat assessment

作　　者：闫东 陈谋[1] 吴庆宪[1] 袁梦顺 Dong YAN;Mou CHEN;Qingxian WU;Mengshun YUAN(College of Automation Engineering,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 210016,China)

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学自动化学院,南京210016

出　　处：《中国科学：信息科学》2021年第4期663-677,共15页Scientia Sinica(Informationis)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号:61825302,U2013201);科技创新2030—“新一代人工智能”重大项目(批准号:2018AA0100800);江苏省“333高层次人才培养工程”科研项目(批准号:BRA2019051)资助。

摘　　要：针对复杂战场环境下确定无人机安全飞行区域的过程中面对的复杂性和不确定性问题,本文提出了一种基于变权理论和马尔可夫模型的无人机安全飞行区域确定方法.根据无人机相对于威胁区域距离的不同,引入变权理论对威胁指标权值进行调整,完成综合威胁大小计算.然后,利用马尔可夫模型对无人机飞行过程中受到的潜在威胁进行预测.接着,使用模糊评估方法评估无人机飞行区域的威胁等级,并引入云模型构建隶属度函数,以提高评估结果的可靠性.最后,根据威胁阈值确定无人机安全飞行区域.仿真结果表明所研究的无人机安全飞行区域确定方法在复杂战场环境下是有效的.To manage the complexity and uncertainty faced by an unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV) and identify a safe flight area in a battlefield environment, we propose a method for determining the safe flight area of the UAV based on the variable weight theory and a Markov model. In the threat calculation, the variable weight theory is introduced, so that the weight can be adjusted according to the position of the UAV relative to the threat area. Then, the Markov model is used to predict the environmental threat the UAV may encounter during its flight. Then, a fuzzy evaluation method is used to determine the threat level in the UAV flight area, and a cloud model is introduced to construct a membership function that improves the reliability of the result. Finally,the safe flight area of the drone is determined based on the threat threshold. The simulation results show that the proposed method for determining the safe flight area of the UAV is effective in a complex battlefield environment.

关 键 词：无人机 威胁评估 安全飞行区域 变权理论 马尔可夫模型 

分 类 号：V279[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计] V328