基于生态产业发展需求的市场化生态补偿机制  

Mechanism of market-oriented ecological compensation for the developing of ecological industries

作　　者：蒋丹烈 马洁云 马爱洁[1] 陈卫星[1] JIANG Dan-lie;MA Jie-yun;MA Ai-jie;CHEN Wei-xing(School of Materials and Chemical Engineering,Xi'an Technological University,Xi'an 710021,China;Shaanxi Chaoteng Ecological Environment Consultantation Ltd.,Xi'an 710072,China)

机构地区：[1]西安工业大学材料与化工学院,陕西西安710021 [2]陕西超腾生态环境咨询股份有限公司,陕西西安710072

出　　处：《环境生态学》2021年第5期25-31,共7页Environmental Ecology

基　　金：陕西省教育厅专项科研计划项目(19JK0408)资助。

摘　　要：为推动生态补偿对生态功能区区县生态产业发展的支持,提出了以支持地区生态产业形成自力更生能力为目标的市场化生态补偿机制,指出可通过补偿需求分析、补偿方式确定、补偿供需撮合、补偿效果考核和补偿退出等步骤开展生态补偿工作。以陕西省山区某县为例,为其生态产业的发展制定了多元化的补偿工作方案。通过补偿需求分析,指出该县生态加工业属于追赶型产业,发展重点在于竞争优势转化;指出其他4个生态产业属换道超车型产业,其首要任务为补足禀赋短板。相应地,提出了包括规划设计支持、园区共建、技术帮扶等方面的多元化补偿方式。最后,提出可构建撮合平台以推动多元化补偿的实现,并通过多元化的考核机制指导补偿的逐步退出以做到“造血型”补偿。本研究将为因地制宜地开展市场化生态补偿、促进各地“两山”转化提供新思路和实践参考。To promote the support of ecological compensation to the development of ecological industry in ecological functional areas,this paper puts forward a market-oriented ecological compensation mechanism aiming at cultivating the self-supporting ability of local ecological industry,and points out that the ecological compensation can be carried out through the steps of analysis of compensation demand,determination of compensation pattern,matching of compensation supply and demand,assessment of compensation effect and compensation withdrawal.A mountainous county of Shaanxi Province is taken as an example to perform the construction of the ecological compensation mechanism for its ecological industries.The ecological processing industry in this county should be classifies as catching-up industry,and the development focus is on the transformation of competitive advantage.The other four industries are classified as the short innovation cycle industries.The main task of developing these industries is to improve the endowment structure through supplementing talents and technology weaknesses.Diversified compensation patterns including planning and design support,park construction,technical assistance,etc.,are proposed to directly meet the development needs of the county's ecological industries.We suggest that a matching platform can be constructed to execute the diversified compensation patterns.Specific assessment mechanism is necessary to instruct the gradual withdrawal of compensation to achieve the“blood producing”type of compensation.This study provides new ideas and practical reference to carry out market-oriented ecological compensation,so as to support the transformation of“two mountains”in different regions.

关 键 词：市场化生态补偿 新结构经济学 生态产业 禀赋结构 

分 类 号：X196[环境科学与工程—环境科学]