多因素影响的梯形明渠三维流动规律  

Law of Three-dimensional Trapezoidal Open Channel Flow Influenced by Multiple Factors

作　　者：白伦 吴永婷 孙洪广[1] BAI Lun;WU Yong-ting;SUN Hong-guang(College of Mechanics and Materials,Hohai University,The State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering,Nanjing 210098,China;Shandong Luqing Safety Evaluation Technology Co.,Ltd.,Jinan 250100,China)

机构地区：[1]河海大学力学与材料学院,水文水资源与水利工程科学国家重点实验室,南京210098 [2]山东鲁轻安全评价技术有限公司,济南250100

出　　处：《科学技术与工程》2021年第11期4600-4606,共7页Science Technology and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(11972148);江苏省杰出青年基金(BK20190024)。

摘　　要：为了研究梯形明渠三维流动规律,使用流体动力学软件Fluent的Realizable k-ε模型对梯形明渠进行了模拟。首先,数值模拟了边坡坡度比为1、流速为1 m/s条件下的三维流动。数值结果表明:对称面上流速的沿程变化不显著,底区流速满足对数律分布,外区流速用乘幂公式拟合有一定的误差。其次,分析了同一高度横向各点的速度值、静压、总压的沿程变化,壁面上不同高度切应力、总压的沿程变化和出入口的总压差。最后,考察了8种不同坡度、8种不同流速情况下边壁、床面的切应力、总压的变化趋势,得到了切应力和总压随流速的计算公式,揭示了梯形明渠的流动规律。In order to explore the law of three-dimensional trapezoidal open channel flow,the Realizable k-εmodel of computation fluid dynamics software fluent was used to stimulate the trapezoidal open channel.Firstly,three-dimensional flow with the condition of the slope ratio valuing 1 and velocity valuing 1 m/s was analyzed.Results show that there is no significant change of velocity along the flow path in the plane of symmetry.The velocity distribution in the bottom region satisfies the logarithmic law,but a certain deviation exists in the outer zone with the power formula fitting of the velocity.Secondly,the variations of velocity,static pressure and total pressure at several transverse points of the same height were analyzed along the flow path.The variations of the shear stress and the total pressure of different heights on the wall and the total pressure differences at the inlet and outlet were also investigated.Lastly,the variation trends of wall shear stress and total pressure on the wall and bed under 8 different slopes and 8 different flow rates were explored.The law of trapezoidal open channel flow is revealed by obtaining formulas for calculating shear stress and total pressure with flow rate.

关 键 词：梯形明渠 流速分布 三维模拟 水力学 压强 

分 类 号：TV133.1[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]