青藏高原冰川底部滑动估算方法研究:进展、问题与展望  

Research on Estimation Methods of Glacier Basal Sliding on the Tibetan Plateau:Progresses,Problems and Prospects

作　　者：顾菊 张勇 刘时银 王欣 GU Ju;ZHANG Yong;LIU Shiyin;WANG Xin(School of Resource,Environment and Safety Engineering,Hunan University of Science and Technology,Xiangtan Hunan 411201,China;Institute of International Rivers and Eco-Security,Yunnan University,Kunming 650091,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南科技大学资源环境与安全工程学院,湖南湘潭411201 [2]云南大学国际河流与生态安全研究院,云南昆明650091

出　　处：《地球科学进展》2021年第3期307-316,共10页Advances in Earth Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“基于能量—动力响应物理过程的冰川径流模拟研究”(编号:41671057);湖南省研究生教育创新工程和专业能力提升工程项目“典型冰川区底部滑动参数化研究”(编号:CX20200989)资助.

摘　　要：冰川底部滑动是冰川运动重要的组成部分,是冰川动力过程的底部边界条件。底部滑动速度的估算,对于研究青藏高原及周边地区冰川运动规律、冰川内部应力分布和冰川异常变化机制等具有重要意义。系统总结了冰川底部滑动速度的影响因素及其估算模型的发展现状,其模型从单纯考虑底部剪切应力与冰床特性的关系逐渐扩展到考虑底部有效压力和冰下水文过程等综合影响,剖析了现有模型的结构和功能。进而分析了现有模型存在的主要问题和挑战,为进一步完善模型提供参考。未来冰川底部滑动研究需基于遥感大数据、新技术等进一步强化观测,着重耦合冰下水文过程的影响,进而促进气候变化—冰川物质平衡—冰川动力学响应过程的集成研究。Glacier motion is composed of plastic deformation of the ice,sliding of ice over its bed and deformation of the bed itself.Among these three components,basal sliding is a significant factor.And its law,which represents the relationship between the sliding speed,the shear stress at the base of the glacier and the characteristics of the ice bed,is the basal boundary condition of the glacier dynamic process.The estimation of basal sliding plays an important role in the study of glacier motion,internal stress distribution and mechanism of glacier anomaly.This study systematically reviews the development of glacier sliding and its existing estimation methods,which gradually expand from only considering the relationship between shear stress and ice bed roughness to taking into account the comprehensive influences of effective pressure and hydrologic process under the ice.We dissect the structures and functions of existing models,and then analyze the main problems and challenges of these methods,in order to provide references for further improvements of this model.Future studies on glacier basal sliding should be based on big remote sensing data and new technique,and focused on coupling the influence of subglacial hydrological processes,so as to promote the integrated study of climate change-glacier material balance-glacier dynamic response process.

关 键 词：冰川 底部滑动 滑动速度模型 冰川运动 动力响应 

分 类 号：P343.6[天文地球—水文科学]