南通市432例学龄期儿童睡眠问题调查分析  

Investigation and analysis of sleep problems in school-age children

作　　者：黄佳[1] 刘文兵[1] 邬清 HUANG Jia;LIU Wen-bing;WU Qing(Nantong Municipal Maternity and Child Health Hospital,Jiangsu Nantong 226000,China)

机构地区：[1]南通市妇幼保健院,江苏南通226006

出　　处：《中国妇幼健康研究》2021年第4期484-489,共6页Chinese Journal of Woman and Child Health Research

基　　金：南通市妇幼健康专科联盟资助项目(TFM201912)。

摘　　要：目的了解南通市学龄期儿童睡眠问题的发生情况及其影响因素,为改善学龄期儿童睡眠状况提供科学依据。方法2019年5月从南通市崇川区、港闸区和开发区随机整班抽样选取一年级至六年级9个班的学生432人为研究对象,利用儿童睡眠习惯问卷(CSHQ)进行调查,采用回顾性调查法指导儿童家长现场一对一填写,对调查结果进行统计,分析儿童常见的睡眠问题。结果学龄期儿童平时上床时间、入睡时间、晨醒时间、起床时间均明显早于周末,平时睡眠时间则明显少于周末(t值分别为-8.07、-3.04、-15.73、-18.32、-7.96,均P<0.05)。总睡眠问题发生率为53.5%,不同性别总体睡眠问题发生率和不同年级组睡眠问题发生率差异均无统计学意义(χ^(2)值分别为0.18、4.19,均P>0.05)。睡眠问题各维度发生率在10.4%~67.4%之间,白天嗜睡发生率最高(67.4%)。夜晚睡眠时长<9小时组、9~<10小时组、≥10小时的睡眠持续时间不规律分布差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=6.94,P<0.05)。肥胖儿童总体睡眠问题、睡眠呼吸障碍、异态睡眠发生率均明显高于非肥胖儿童(χ^(2)值分别为4.69,92.61,9.40,均P<0.05)。结论学龄期儿童睡眠问题发生率较高,平时与周末存在明显差异,肥胖对其睡眠问题的影响较大,应引起儿保科医生的重视。Objective To investigate prevalence of sleep problems and relating factors of school-age children in Nangtong city,Jiangsu province so as to provide scientific basis for improving sleep conditions of the school-age children.Methods 423 pupils from 9 randomn entire classes the 1 st to the sixth grades from Chongchuan,Gangzha and Kaifa districts of Nantong city in May 2019 were selected as study subjects.In one to one spot retrospective investigation mentod,the pupils’parents were guided to fill Children’s Sleep Habits Questionnaire(CSHQ).The investigation results were summed up and common sleep problems in children were analyzed statistically.Results In weekdays from Monday to Friday,the going to bed time,falling in sleep time,waking up time and getting up time in next morning of the pupils were all significantly earlier than those in weekends,while their average sleep time was significantly shorter than that in weekends(t=-8.07,-3.04,-15.73,-18.32 and-7.96 respectively,all P<0.05).The incidence rate of total sleep problems was 53.5%,there were no significant differences between different genders and grades(χ^(2)=0.18 and 4.19 respectively,both P>0.05).The incidences of various dimension of sleep problems were between 10.4%and 67.4%,the highest incidence was 67.4%in daytime drowsiness.In irregular sleep duration distributions,there were significant differences among<9 hours group,9~<10 hours group and≥10 hours group(χ^(2)=6.94,P<0.05).The incidences of total sleep problems,sleep respiratory disorder and parasomnias in obese children were significantly higher than those in non-obese children(χ^(2)=4.69,92.61 and 9.40 respectively,all P<0.05).Conclusions The prevalence rate of sleep problems is high in school-age children,and there are significant differences between weekdays and weekends.Obesity exerts a great effect on sleep problems.Child health practitioners should pay attentions to it.

关 键 词：睡眠问题 学龄期儿童 肥胖 调查分析 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]