中国海洋浮游植物和赤潮物种的生物多样性研究进展(一):渤海  

ADVANCES IN THE STUDY OF BIODIVERSITY OF PHYTOPLANKTON AND RED TIDE SPECIES IN CHINA(Ⅰ):THE BOHAI SEA

作　　者：陈楠生[1,2,3] 黄海龙 CHEN Nan-Sheng;HUANG Hai-Long(CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Science,Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Qingdao 266071,China;Functional Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science,Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao),Qingdao 266237,China;Center for Ocean Mega-Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Qingdao 266071,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院海洋研究所海洋生态与环境科学重点实验室,青岛266071 [2]青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室海洋生态与环境科学功能实验室,青岛266237 [3]中国科学院海洋大科学研究中心,青岛266071

出　　处：《海洋与湖沼》2021年第2期346-362,共17页Oceanologia Et Limnologia Sinica

基　　金：中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(B类),XDB42000000号;中国科学院率先行动“百人计划”;国家重点研发计划,2017YFC1404300号;青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室主任基金,QNLM201704号;泰山学者特聘专家计划;源头创新计划(人才发展专项-第五批创业创新领军人才研发补助),19-3-2-16-zhc号。

摘　　要：渤海是我国最大的半封闭型内海,也是重要的海洋生物产卵场、育幼场和索饵场。其陆源径流丰富,环境异质性高,具有很高的浮游植物物种多样性,其中包括大量的赤潮物种。该海域赤潮频发对水产养殖、生态环境、旅游业等造成了很大影响。因此,针对该海域浮游植物物种多样性的研究具有极其重要的意义。本文整理了1957—2019年间46个主要航次的调查资料,比较分析了这些航次中鉴定的浮游植物组成以及相对丰度,并跟踪分析了近20年来渤海的主要赤潮事件,重点描述了赤潮物种多样性,并详细阐述了常见赤潮物种。在航次鉴定的140个赤潮物种中,包括硅藻78种,甲藻52种,定鞭藻5种,绿藻4种和蓝藻1种。本文为比较研究包括渤海海域在内的不同海域浮游植物和赤潮物种的多样性,探索海洋生物多样性的起源和演化规律,解读宏基因组学及宏条形码分析结果提供了基础和参考。The Bohai Sea is the largest semi-closed inland sea in China.It is an important spawning,nursery,and feeding ground for marine organisms.It features rich runoffs from land sources,high environmental heterogeneity,and high phytoplankton species diversity.Among them,there are a large number of red tide species,which promote frequent occurrence of blooms and have a large negative impact on aquaculture,ecological environment,and tourism.It is therefore of great significance to study phytoplankton and red tide species in this area.In this review,we examined and compared the composition and relative abundance of phytoplankton reported from the marine surveys carried out between 1957 and 2019 in the Bohai Sea,with a focus on the red tide species.We also analyzed and reviewed major red tide events in Bohai Sea in the past 20 years.Altogether 140 species were identified as red tide species in the Bohai Sea in all marine surveys,which included 78 species in Ochrophyta,52 species in Dinoflagellata,5 species in Haptophyta,4 species in Chlorophyta,and 1 species in Cyanophyta.We also provided detailed descriptions of common red tide species in the Bohai Sea.This review provides a reference for studying biodiversity of phytoplankton and red tide species in the Bohai Sea as well as in other sea areas,and for facilitating the interpretation of metagenomics and macrobarcoding results.

关 键 词：渤海 生物多样性 航次调查 赤潮物种 浮游植物 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学] S944.349[农业科学—水产养殖]