印太交汇区海洋软体动物生物多样性研究进展  

PROGRESS ON MARINE MOLLUSCAN BIODIVERSITY IN THE INDO-PACIFIC CONVERGENCE REGION

作　　者：张均龙[1,2] 张树乾 焦英毅[1,3] ZHANG Jun-Long;ZHANG Shu-Qian;JIAO Ying-Yi(Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Qingdao 266071,China;Center for Ocean Mega-Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Qingdao 266071,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院海洋研究所,青岛266071 [2]中国科学院海洋大科学中心,青岛266071 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《海洋与湖沼》2021年第2期487-497,共11页Oceanologia Et Limnologia Sinica

基　　金：中国科学院战略性先导科技专项,XDB42030303号;XDA22050203号;中国科学院战略生物资源服务网络计划生物标本馆经典分类学青年人才项目,ZSBR-009号;“科学”号高端用户项目,KEXUE2020G02号。

摘　　要：印太交汇区珊瑚礁大三角是全球海洋生物多样性最高的区域,孕育了印度-西太平洋海域接近60%的软体动物种类,同时也有很高比例的特有物种。该海域是全球软体动物生物多样性研究的热点区域。已有不同国家的学者相继对印太交汇区软体动物的多样性、分类与系统演化等方面开展了研究,并取得了一系列重要的成果。基于此,本文从软体动物的生物多样性格局、成因、以及其影响因素等角度出发,对印太交汇区软体动物研究的主要方面进展进行了综述。先后有物种起源中心、积累中心、重叠中心、幸存中心等多种假说被提出以解释其多样性的成因。印太交汇区软体动物生物多样性分布格局与板块构造作用、海平面的变化、海洋环流以及暖池等密切相关。本文也指出了目前研究中存在的主要问题,分析了未来的发展趋势及面临的挑战,以期为今后的相关研究提供参考和思路。The Indo-Pacific Convergence Region(IPCR)is recognized as the highest marine biodiversity region in the world,in which the“Coral Triangle”is included that is well-known for breeding numerous marine species and harboring nearly 60%molluscan species of the Indo-West Pacific.IPCR is an area of outstanding biological interest as a marine molluscan biodiversity hotspot,with exceptional high species richness and striking high endemism.Researches on biodiversity,classification,systematics,and evolution of molluscs in IPCR have been carried out and a series of important results been achieved.We summarized the main progress in this brief review.Hypotheses of the Center of Origin,the Center of Accumulation,the Center of Overlap,and the Center of Survival were proposed to explain the formation and evolution of the marine biodiversity.We believed that the rich marine biodiversity and endemism in IPCR are strongly associated with tectonic activity,sea-level fluctuation,oceanic circulation,and high sea surface temperature caused by warm pool,under which the habitat availability has been continually modified and the heterogeneity been increased.The abiotic changes over geologic time have altered the gene flow and species distribution,and led to the speciation due to geographic isolation,and eventually the molluscan biodiversity in IPCR is shaped.At last,we pointed out that many scientific issues associated with the biodiversity center should be re-explained in the future study.

关 键 词：印度-西太平洋 珊瑚大三角 软体动物 多样性热点 特有种 物种形成 

分 类 号：Q178.53[生物学—水生生物学]