律法焦虑与政体健康:体液理论中的莎士比亚问题剧《一报还一报》  

Law Anxiety and Regime Health:Shakespeare's Problem Play Measure for Measure in Humoral Theory

作　　者：陶久胜 郭梦娜 TAO Jiu-sheng;GUO Meng-na(Ningbo University,Ningbo 317000, China)

机构地区：[1]宁波大学外国语学院,浙江宁波315211

出　　处：《南华大学学报（社会科学版）》2021年第2期20-25,共6页Journal of University of South China(Social Science Edition)

摘　　要：根据古典医学四种体液的理论与大小宇宙的类比关系,可以发现莎士比亚问题剧《一报还一报》中所涉及的疾病话语:过剩的爱欲在维也纳城中肆虐,最终传染到临时执政者安吉鲁身上时,破坏了整个城邦的体液平衡。法律在此处隐喻着城邦安定和政体健康,司法者需要将个人道德视为司法责任的一部分,但执法者安吉鲁却漠视自身道德的缺失,导致法律名存实亡,因此公爵必须采取一系列措施和计谋,让维也纳恢复到法治和道德健康的轨道上来。剧中维也纳城邦的疾病影射早期现代英国性道德问题的焦虑,莎士比亚通过道德与法律的斗争和融合参与政治讨论之中,表达对新上任的英王詹姆士一世的统治焦虑。According to the contemporary humoral theory and the analogy between microcosm and microcosm,it’s not difficult to reveal the hidden disease discourse in Shakespeare's problem play“Measure for Measure”.Excessive corporeal desires prevail in Vienna,and ultimately infects the Deputy Angelo,which leads to the contagious body politics of the whole city-state because of the imbalanced humoral.In essence,the law symbolizes the stability of the city-state and the health of the regime.The one responsible for performing law needs to consider personal morality as a part of the judicial responsibility,but Angelo,the law enforcer,ignores the lack of his own morality so that the law cease to exist except in name.Therefore,the Duke must take a series of measures and strategies to restore Vienna to the track of rule of law and morality.The disease of Vienna in the play suggests the anxiety of sexual morality in early modern England.Shakespeare participates in political discussion through the struggle and integration of morality and law,expressing his anxiety about King James I’s reign.

关 键 词：《一报还一报》 体液理论 法律 政体 道德 

分 类 号：I561.073[文学—其他各国文学]