《庄子》三处鱼寓言的逍遥之辩与观物之辩  

On the Argument of Xiaoyao and View of Things in Three Fish Fables in Zhuangzi

作　　者：马元元 高恒天[1] MA Yuan-yuan;GAO Heng-tian(School of Public Administration,Central South University,Changsha,Hunan 410075,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学公共管理学院,湖南长沙410075

出　　处：《齐齐哈尔大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2021年第5期54-56,71,共4页Journal of Qiqihar University(Philosophy & Social Science Edition)

摘　　要：《庄子》中有不少关于鱼的寓言,首章《逍遥游》谈到北冥之鱼的鲲,《秋水篇》谈到的濠梁之鱼,《大宗师》谈到的江湖之鱼。分析庄子对处于不同境遇中的鱼的建构,可以为逍遥之辩和观物之辩的解读提供一种新的思路。能否达致逍遥境界,取决于以道观物和以己观物的两种不同的认知方式。小体与大体、小知与大知、小爱与大爱相比,小体、小知与小爱所谓“小”在于其以己观物的非逍遥的状态,大体、大知与大爱所谓“大”在于其有超越“小大”之分的以道观物的逍遥状态。There are many fables about the fish in Zhuangzi.He discussed the the fish named“Kun”in Beiming in the first chapter named Xiaoyaoyou,the fish named Haoliang inChapter Qiushui,and the fish in the river and lake in Chapter Dazongshi.The analysis of Zhuangzi’s construction of fish in different circumstances can provide a new thinking way to interprete of the argument of“xiaoyao”and the view of things.Whether the“xiaoyao”can be achieved depends on the two different cognitive modes of viewing things with Taoism or viewing things by oneself.Compared the minute with the general,the little knowledge with the big knowledge,the little love with the great love,the“smal”in the minute,the little knowledge and the little love lies in the“non-xiaoyao”state that they view things by themselves;and the“big”in the general,the big knowledge and the great love lies in the“xiaoyao”state that they view things by Taoism,which transcends the“small and the big”.

关 键 词：鱼 逍遥 以道观物 以己观物 

分 类 号：B223.5[哲学宗教—中国哲学]