Phages and their potential to modulate the microbiome and immunity  

作　　者：Sara Federici Samuel P.Nobs Eran Elinav 

机构地区：[1]Immunology Department,Weizmann Institute of Science,Rehovot 7610001,Israel [2]Cancer-Microbiome Division Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum(DKFZ),Neuenheimer Feld 280,69120 Heidelberg,Germany

出　　处：《Cellular & Molecular Immunology》2021年第4期889-904,共16页中国免疫学杂志（英文版）

基　　金：funded by an EMBO Long-term Fellowship ALTF 767-2017.

摘　　要：Bacteriophages(hence termed phages)are viruses that target bacteria and have long been considered as potential future treatments against antibiotic-resistant bacterial infection.However,the molecular nature of phage interactions with bacteria and the human host has remained elusive for decades,limiting their therapeutic application.While many phages and their functional repertoires remain unknown,the advent of next-generation sequencing has increasingly enabled researchers to decode new lytic and lysogenic mechanisms by which they attack and destroy bacteria.Furthermore,the last decade has witnessed a renewed interest in the utilization of phages as therapeutic vectors and as a means of targeting pathogenic or commensal bacteria or inducing immunomodulation.Importantly,the narrow host range,immense antibacterial repertoire,and ease of manipulating phages may potentially allow for their use as targeted modulators of pathogenic,commensal and pathobiont members of the microbiome,thereby impacting mammalian physiology and immunity along mucosal surfaces in health and in microbiomeassociated diseases.In this review,we aim to highlight recent advances in phage biology and how a mechanistic understanding of phage-bacteria-host interactions may facilitate the development of novel phage-based therapeutics.We provide an overview of the challenges of the therapeutic use of phages and how these could be addressed for future use of phages as specific modulators of the human microbiome in a variety of infectious and noncommunicable human diseases.

关 键 词：MICROBIOTA MICROBIOME PHAGES 

分 类 号：R392[医药卫生—免疫学]