从词内同化看非汉字圈留学生汉字书写偏误  

A Study on Written Errors of Learners in Non-Chinese Character Sphere from the Perspective of Intra-Word Assimilation

作　　者：黄蓬博 吴日霞 代晶 辛梓 Huang Pengbo;Wu Rixia;Dai Jing;Xin Zi(College of International Education,Guilin Medical University,Guilin,Guangxi 541199,China)

机构地区：[1]桂林医学院国际教育学院,广西桂林541199

出　　处：《大理大学学报》2021年第5期109-114,共6页Journal of Dali University

摘　　要：词内同化汉字偏误是留学生常见的偏误之一。借助HSK动态作文语料库,收集非汉字圈留学生词内同化汉字偏误231个。通过考察这些偏误的分布趋势和类型特征,发现非汉字圈留学生的词内同化汉字偏误集中出现于中高级水平的作文中,且表现为以部件添加和改换为主要手段,顺同化和逆同化数量相当,部件改换式顺同化和部件添加式逆同化凸显的特点。针对统计中出现的高频偏误,利用现场测试的方法,对留学生的测试结果和反馈进行整理,并从汉字习得顺序、汉字构形规律和汉字组合同化三个方面,解释留学生出现偏误的原因,提出相应的教学建议。Chinese character errors of intra-word assimilation is one of the common errors of foreign students.Based on the HSK dynamic composition corpus,a total of 231 errors of assimilation of Chinese characters in the non-Chinese character sphere of foreign students was collected.By examining the distribution trend and type characteristics of these errors,it is found that the intra-word assimilation of Chinese characters is concentrated in the compositions of intermediate as well as advanced Chinese levels,with the addition and replacement of parts as the main means;the number of progressive assimilation and reverse assimilation is almost the same,but the progressive assimilation is mainly manifested by replacement of parts,while the regressive assimilation by addition of parts.In view of the high-frequency errors in statistics,this paper sorts out the test results and feedback of foreign students after an onsite test,explains the reasons for errors from the three aspects,namely,Chinese character acquisition order,Chinese character configuration rules and Chinese character combination assimilation,and puts forward corresponding teaching suggestions in the end.

关 键 词：词内同化汉字偏误 非汉字圈留学生 统计与分类 成因分析 教学建议 

分 类 号：H195[语言文字—汉语]