不同缓释肥对莲藕光合特性、产量及品质的影响  

Effects of different slow release fertilizers on photosynthetic characterstics,yield and quality of lotus root

作　　者：李通 佟静 王丽萍 王宝驹[1,2] 刘子英 武占会 LI Tong;TONG Jing;WANG Liping;WANG Baoju;LIU Ziying;WU Zhanhui(National Engineering Research Center for Vegetables,Beijing Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Beijing 100097,China;Key Laboratory of North China Urban Agriculture,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Beijing 100097,China;College of Landscape and Ecological Engineering,Hebei University of Engineering,Handan 056038,Hebei,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市农林科学院蔬菜研究中心,北京100097 [2]农村农业部华北都市农业重点实验室,北京100097 [3]河北工程大学园林与生态工程学院,河北邯郸056038

出　　处：《中国瓜菜》2021年第5期76-81,共6页China Cucurbits And Vegetables

基　　金：国家特色蔬菜产业技术体系(CARS-24-B-02);土壤污染与生态修复工程(S2018402001)。

摘　　要：为筛选出适宜莲藕种植的缓释肥料种类,以莲藕大地红为试材,普通复合肥为对照,5种氮磷钾不同配比(质量比,后同)的缓释肥作为对比:N∶P_(2)O_(5)∶K_(2)O=16∶12∶20(T1)、N∶P_(2)O_(5)∶K_(2)O=17∶17∶17(T2)、N∶P_(2)O_(5)∶K_(2)O=18∶10∶18(T3)、N∶P_(2)O_(5)∶K_(2)O=25∶12∶15(T4)、N∶P_(2)O_(5)∶K_(2)O=26∶12∶10(T5),测定莲藕的叶柄高、净光合速率、可溶性糖含量等指标并加以分析,探究不同缓释肥对莲藕光合特性、产量及品质的影响。结果表明,T3处理莲藕株高可达133.33 cm;总叶绿素含量为3.09 mg·g^(-1),比CK处理提高63.49%,比其他缓释肥处理分别提高47.14%、12.36%、2.66%、61.78%,净光合速率可达9.71μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1);产量可达46277.78 kg·hm^(-2),较CK处理增产54.55%,分别比其他缓释肥处理增产15.98%、16.50%、3.54%、19.56%;可溶性蛋白质含量可达2.44 mg·g^(-1,)较CK处理提高39.43%,分别比其他缓释肥处理提高22.00%、9.42%、5.63%、31.18%。综上所述,在本试验条件下,施用氮、磷、钾比例为18∶10∶18的缓释肥处理的莲藕植物学性状、叶片光合参数、产量、品质整体表现优于其他处理,可作为推荐缓释肥在莲藕种植中推广使用。In order to screen out the suitable slow-release fertilizers for lotus root cultivation,lotus root Dadihong was used as test material and common compound fertilizer was used as control,5 kinds of slow-release fertilizers with different proportions of N,P,and K as the comparison:N∶P_(2)O_(5)∶K_(2)O=16∶12∶20(T1),N∶P_(2)O_(5)∶K_(2)O=17∶17∶17(T2),N∶P_(2)O_(5)∶K_(2)O=18∶10∶18(T3),N∶P_(2)O_(5)∶K_(2)O=25∶12∶15(T4),N∶P_(2)O_(5)∶K_(2)O=26∶12∶10(T5)were selected in this study,the petiole height,net photosynthetic rate,soluble sugar and other indicators of lotus root were measured.The results showed that the petiole height of T3 treatment was 133.33 cm,the total chlorophyll content was 3.09 mg·g^(-1),which was 63.49% higher than that of CK treatment,and 47.14%,12.36%,2.66%,61.78% higher than those of other slow-release fertilizer treatments,the net photosynthetic rate was 9.71μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1),and the yield was 46277.78 kg·hm^(-2),compared with CK,the yield was 54.55% higher than that of ck,and 15.98%,16.50%,3.54%,19.56% higher than those of the other slow-release fertilizer treatments.The soluble protein content of T3 treatment was 2.44 mg·g^(-1),which was 39.43% higher than that of CK treatment,and 22.00%,9.42%,5.63% and 31.18% higher than those of the other slow-release fertilizer treatments.In conclusion,under the condition of this experiment,the botanical characters,photosynthetic parameters,yield and quality of lotus root treated with N∶P_(2)O_(5)∶K_(2)O=18∶10∶18 exhibited better than other treatments,which could be used as recommended slow-release fertilizer in lotus root cultivation.

关 键 词：莲藕 缓释肥 光合特性 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S645.1[农业科学—蔬菜学]