棉田自动施肥系统水肥pH值控制策略研究  

Study on Water and Fertilizer pH Control Strategy of Cotton Field Automatic Fertilization System

作　　者：范锦杰 张立新[1] 李冬冬 李春志 娄晓康 单永超 杜婵婵 Fan Jinjie;Zhang Lixin;Li Dongdong;Li Chunzhi;Lou Xiaokang;Shan Yongchao;Du Chanchan(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Shihezi University,Shihezi 832000,China)

机构地区：[1]石河子大学机械电气工程学院,新疆石河子832000

出　　处：《农机化研究》2021年第10期18-22,27,共6页Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research

基　　金：自治区科技支疆项目(2017E0227)。

摘　　要：新疆是全国最大的优质商品棉生产基地,但肥料施用方面仍主要依靠人工经验方式进行配施,每年不合理的施肥不仅造成了浪费,而且污染了土壤环境。新疆机采棉种植模式下自动施肥控制方面的研究还在探索阶段,目前尚没有成熟的系统。为此,设计了一套基于模糊-PID复合控制的水肥pH值控制系统,结合了PID控制稳态性能好和模糊控制动态性能好的优点,通过模糊控制与PID控制结合的方式来控制酸液罐电磁阀开启的时长,用以调节水肥的pH值。用MatLab软件对PID控制、模糊控制及模糊-PID复合控制下的系统进行了仿真对比,结果表明:模糊-PID复合控制阶跃响应追踪效果较好,相比于两个控制器单独控制时具有超调量更小、调节时间更短、稳定性更好的优势,可以实现水肥pH值的精确调控。Xinjiang is the country’s largest production base of high-quality commercial cotton.However,in terms of fertilizer application,the Corps still relies on manual experience for rations.Irrational fertilization each year not only causes waste,but also pollutes the soil environment.The research on automatic fertilization control in Xinjiang cotton harvesting planting mode is still in the exploratory stage,and there is currently no mature system.In response to this problem,a water and fertilizer pH control system based on fuzzy-PID compound control is designed in this paper.It combines the advantages of good PID control steady-state performance and fuzzy control good dynamic performance.It combines fuzzy control with PID control.Control the length of time the solenoid valve of the acid tank is open to adjust the pH value of water and fertilizer.The MATLAB software was used to compare the system under PID control,fuzzy control and fuzzy-PID composite control.The results show that the fuzzy-PID composite control designed in this paper has better step response tracking effect than the two controllers.It has the advantages of smaller overshoot,shorter adjustment time,and better stability,which can achieve precise control of water and fertilizer pH.

关 键 词：棉田 自动施肥 水肥pH值 模糊-PID复合控制 

分 类 号：S224.2[农业科学—农业机械化工程] S220.39[农业科学—农业工程]