梯度负泊松比结构填充吸能盒多工况优化设计  

Multi⁃objective Optimization of Crash Box Filled with Gradient Negative Poisson’s Ratio Structure Under Multiple Conditions

作　　者：马芳武[1] 王强[1] 梁鸿宇 蒲永锋[1] Ma Fangwu;Wang Qiang;Liang Hongyu;Pu Yongfeng(Jilin University,State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control,Changchun 130022)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学,汽车仿真与控制国家重点实验室,长春130022

出　　处：《汽车工程》2021年第5期754-761,769,共9页Automotive Engineering

基　　金：吉林省省校共建计划专项项目(SXGJSF2017-2-1-5,SXGJQY2017-7);吉林省产业技术研究与开发专项项目(2019C041-2);吉林大学研究生创新研究计划(101832020CX132)资助。

摘　　要：汽车碰撞过程中,非理想的斜向碰撞较为普遍。本文中通过对三维负泊松比点阵结构进行多工况耐撞性研究,发现冲击角度对三维负泊松比点阵结构的耐撞性有较大影响,随着冲击角度的增大,吸能量呈下降趋势。将梯度负泊松比点阵结构作为填充材料引入吸能盒设计,以吸能盒外壳厚度与内芯3个厚度梯度值为设计变量,最大综合吸能量、最小轴向峰值力和质量为优化目标,质量和设计变量为约束条件,基于多岛遗传算法进行多工况多目标优化设计。结果表明,在质量和最大峰值力增加不大的条件下,负泊松比结构填充吸能盒的综合吸能量与各冲击角度的耐撞性均得到大幅提升,优化效果显著。In the process of vehicle collision,oblique collision is more common.Through crashworthiness study of the three⁃dimensional(3D)negative Poisson’s ratio(NPR)lattice structure under multiple conditions,it is found that the impact angle has a great impact on the crashworthiness of the 3D NPR lattice structure.As the im⁃pact angle increases,the energy absorption value is on a downward trend.The gradient NPR lattice structure is se⁃lected as the filling material into the crash box.The wall thickness of the crash box and three gradient thicknesses of inner core are used as design variables.The maximum energy absorption,the minimum peak force,and the mass are adopted as the optimization objectives.The value range of the mass and design variables are regarded as con⁃straints,and multi⁃objective optimization design is carried out under the multiple conditions based on the multi⁃is⁃land genetic algorithm.The results show that under the condition that the mass and the maximum peak force are basi⁃cally the same,the comprehensive energy absorption of the crash box filled with NPR structure and the crashworthi⁃ness in each impact angle have been greatly improved,which means the optimization effect is obvious.

关 键 词：功能梯度 负泊松比结构 斜向冲击 耐撞性能 

分 类 号：U467.14[机械工程—车辆工程]