位移构式GO HOME的演变:原型与类推  

The Development of Motion Construction GO HOME: Prototype and Analogy

作　　者：程丽霞[1] 陈国华 CHENG Lixia;CHEN Guohua

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学外国语学院,辽宁大连116024 [2]广西师范大学外国语学院,广西桂林541004

出　　处：《外语与外语教学》2021年第2期49-61,148,149,共15页Foreign Languages and Their Teaching

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“英汉位移构式演化的历时比较研究”(项目编号:15BYY018)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：英语go home、on the way home中的home常被认为是副词或介词,这种说法不能解释为何*on the way differently、*watch TV home不合语法。源于生成语法的提升说、动介合并说因为缺少语料证实而不令人信服,针对希腊语GO HOME构式的名词动化说、合并说、空介词说无法解释英语的同类现象。考察英语历史语料,我们发现home在古英语时期常以表方向的宾格形式或是以表方位的予格形式出现。由于高频使用,go home在现代英语中完整地保存下来并成为GO HOME构式的原型,一些类似构式在原型的类推作用下逐渐趋同,出现walk/run/fly home等构式。这一原型甚至类推至其他动词如bring home a dog/bring a dog home和其他名词如go shop、go town。The word home in go home,on the way home is usually believed to be an adverb or preposition. These interpretations cannot explain why such expressions as * on the way differently,*watch TV home are ungrammatical. Some generative linguists hold that home as a light locative noun raises to Spec TO,or that the preposition and the motion verb are incorporated. These are not convincing enough as there is no evidence to suggest the existence of a preposition and the definite article in these constructions. The studies on Greek GO HOME constructions,providing explanation models such as Verbalized Noun,Incorporation,Empty Preposition,cannot produce an explanation for the similar phenomenon in English. This study,drawing on the historical English corpora,finds that home was used as the accusative of direction or dative of locative in the earlier stages of Teutonic English. With high frequency go home remains in present-day English with little change in form and becomes the prototype of the GO HOME constructions. By analogy,other motion verbs and even non-motion verbs enter the construction such as walk/run/fly home,bring home a dog/bring a dog home. Nouns of location also take the place of home as in go shop,go town.

关 键 词：位移构式 GO HOME 原型 类推 演变 

分 类 号：H319[语言文字—英语]