职业决策困难研究述评  

Review of Researches on Career Decision-Making Difficulties

作　　者：刘子涵 张凯[2] LIU Zihan;ZHANG Kai(Beijing Sport University,Beijing 100084)

机构地区：[1]北京体育大学艺术学院,北京100084 [2]北京体育大学教育学院,北京100084

出　　处：《当代职业教育》2021年第3期66-78,共13页Contemporary Vocational Education

基　　金：全国教育科学“十三五”规划2018年度教育部重点课题“‘高素质专业化创新性’视野下卓越体育教师专业标准构建与培养方略”(编号:DLA180404)。

摘　　要：基于对2014—2020年职业决策困难相关文献的年发文量、学科分布、研究对象、研究类型四类指标的计量分析,围绕职业决策困难的概念、结构、测量工具、影响因素和应对策略五个方面对近年来职业决策困难研究进行了系统梳理。职业决策困难含职业决策前的缺乏准备,职业决策过程中的缺乏信息及职业决策后期信息不一致三类核心维度,并作为一种状态弥散于职业决策全过程。主要基于CDP、CDMSE、CDDQ及其修订版问卷对职业决策困难进行测量,性别、年龄、年级三类个体因素及个人所在家庭、地域两类环境因素都将造成职业决策困难的差异。依据匹配理论、职业发展理论、社会认知理论可较完备地解释影响职业决策过程的因素。目前针对职业决策困难的应对策略主要从微观—中观—宏观的角度,或具体影响因素干预这两种视角进行探讨。针对职业决策困难的研究,我国还需扩大研究对象、丰富研究类型、设计精准干预方案和重视研究本土效度。Based on the bibliometric analysis of the four indicators,including the annual publication volume,subject distribution,research object and research type of the literature on career decision-making difficulties from 2014 to 2020,this paper systematically combed the research on career decision-making difficulties in recent years from five aspects:the concept,structure,measurement tools,influencing factors and coping strategies of career decision-making difficulties.Career decision-making difficulties include three core dimensions:lack of readiness before career decision-making,lack of information in the process of career decision-making,and inconsistent information in the later stage of career decision-making.Based on the questionnaire of CDP,CDMSE,CDDQ and its revised versions,this paper measured career decision-making difficulties.This paper found that three types of individual factors(gender,age,and grade)and two types of environmental factors(individual's family and region)will cause differences in career decision-making difficulties.The matching theory,career development theory,and social cognition theory can explain the factors influencing the career decision-making process.At present,the coping strategies for career decision-making difficulties are mainly discussed from the micro-meso-macro perspective,or the intervention of specific influencing factors.To research career decision-making difficulties,we need to expand the research objects,enrich the research types,design precise intervention programs and pay attention to the local validity.

关 键 词：职业决策困难 职业心理学 职业规划 就业指导 文献计量分析 

分 类 号：G710[文化科学—职业技术教育学]