刈割时间和降雨量对天然牧草营养品质的影响  

Effects of mowing time and rainfall on the nutritional quality of native grass

作　　者：王伟 周天荣 肖燕子 张培青[1] 贾玉山 格根图 乌仁其其格[1] WANG Wei;ZHOU Tianrong;XIAO Yanzi;ZHANG Peiqing;JIA Yushan;GE Gentu;WU Renqiqige(Meadow grassland ecosystem and global change key laboratory of Inner Mongolia,Hulunbuir,Inner Mongolia 021018,China;College of Grassland Resources and Environment,Key Laboratory of Forage Cultivation Processing and High Efficient Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia 010019,China)

机构地区：[1]农林学院/内蒙古自治区草甸草原生态系统与全球变化重点实验室/呼伦贝尔学院,内蒙古海拉尔021018 [2]内蒙古农业大学草原与资源环境学院/农业农村部饲草栽培、加工与高效利用重点实验室,内蒙古呼和浩特010019

出　　处：《中国饲料》2021年第11期99-103,共5页China Feed

基　　金：呼伦贝尔学院博士基金项目(2020BS08);呼伦贝尔学院校级自然科学重点项目(2020ZKZD05);天然草地保护与生态修复技术集成与示范(YYYFHZ201901);草地利用方式和气候变化对草甸草原健康影响评价(2017MS0328)。

摘　　要：为提高天然牧草利用率,筛选天然牧草适宜刈割时间,探讨不同降雨量对天然牧草营养品质的影响,本研究以典型草原天然牧草为原料,设定12个处理,3次重复,通过双因素方差试验设计,分析天然牧草营养品质和能量变化规律,旨在为草原牧区牧草刈割时间提供理论依据。结果显示:随着刈割时间的推迟,天然牧草干物质(DM)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)含量逐渐增加,在9月10日降雨量为37.5 mm时,DM、ADF和NDF达到最大值,含量分别为56.82%DM、36.96%DM、68.45%DM;粗蛋白质(CP)含量表现为先增加后降低的变化趋势,在8月20日降雨量为37.5 mm时,CP含量达到最大值,为11.81%DM。天然牧草刈割过程中降雨对可溶性碳水化合物(WSC)、总能(GE)和消化能(DE)增加具有促进作用。因此,在8月20日刈割,可获得优质天然牧草,若在8月20日之后刈割,牧草品质降低,难以获得优质牧草,若有适量降雨,可适当推迟刈割时间。In order to improve the utilization rate of native grass,the optimal mowing time of native grass was screened,and the effect of different rainfall on the nutritional quality of native grass was discussed.In this study,typical grassland grass were used as experimental materials,12 treatments were set,and each treatment was repeated 3 times.Through a two-factor variance test design,the nutrient quality and energy change of native grass were analyzed,and the purpose was to provide theoretical basis for grass mowing time.The results showed that with the delay of mowing time,the content of dry matter(DM),neutral detergent fiber(NDF)and acid detergent fiber(ADF)gradually increased.On September 10th when the rainfall was 37.5 mm,DM,ADF and NDF reached the maximum,the content was 56.82%DM,36.96%DM,68.45%DM respectively;the ccrude protein(CP)content showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing.The rainfall on August 20th when the diameter was 37.5 mm,the content of CP reached the maximum value,which was 11.81%DM.Rainfall during the mowing process of native grass promote the increase of soluble carbohydrocte(WSC),total genergy(GE)and digestible energy(DE).Therefore,high-quality native grass could be obtained by cutting on Augrst 20th.After August 20th,the quality of the grass would decrease and it was difficult to obtain high-quality grass.If there was moderate rainfall,the mowing time could be delayed.

关 键 词：天然牧草 刈割时间 降雨量 营养品质 能量 

分 类 号：S816.5[农业科学—饲料科学]