基于土地利用转型的喀斯特山区流域生态环境效应评价  

Ecological environment effect on the karst mountain watershed based on land use transition

作　　者：刘纯军 周国富[1] 黄启芬[1] 周宇洋 张迪 LIU Chunjun;ZHOU Guofu;HUANG Qifen;ZHOU Yuyang;ZHANG Di(College of Geography and Environmental Science,Guizhou Normal University,Guiyang 550001,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州师范大学地理与环境科学学院,贵阳550001

出　　处：《生态科学》2021年第3期102-111,共10页Ecological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41771115)。

摘　　要：基于贵州省乌江流域2000年、2010年以及2017年土地利用数据,运用ArcGIS 10.2、ENVI 5.3、GS+9.0等工具,通过转移矩阵、生态环境质量指数以及土地利用转型的生态贡献率定量分析贵州省乌江流域土地利用转型以及生态环境效应。结果表明:(1)2000—2017年,乌江流域的土地利用转型表现为生产用地迅速减少,生态用地先增加后减少,生活用地增长迅速;(2)乌江流域生态环境质量指数从2000年的0.612增加到2010年的0.613,2017年降至0.607,整体质量有所恶化,高质量区与较高质量区构成了乌江流域土地利用环境状况的主体;(3)2000—2017年,乌江流域生态环境质量同时存在改善与恶化两种趋势,生态环境恶化趋势大于改善趋势,林地与牧草生态用地转化为农业生产用地是导致生态环境质量恶化的主要因素。Based on the land use data of Wujiang River Basin in Guizhou Province in 2000,2010 and 2017,a quantitative analysis of land use transformation and ecological environment effect in Wujiang River Basin of Guizhou Province was conducted through transfer matrix,eco-environmental quality index and ecological contribution rate of land use transformation,by using ArcGIS 10.2,ENVI 5.3,GS+9.0.The results showed that:(1)From 2000 to 2017,land use changes in the Wujiang River Basin showed a rapid decrease in productive land,an increase in ecological land and then a decrease,and a rapid increase in living land;(2)the index of eco-environment quality in Wujiang River Basin increased from 0.612 in 2000 to 0.613 in 2010,and decreased to 0.607 in 2017;the overall quality had been deteriorated.The high-quality area and the higher-quality area constituted the main body of the land use environment in the Wujiang River Basin;(3)from 2000 to 2017,there were two trends of ecological improvement and deterioration in the Wujiang River Basin.In the whole,the eco-environment quality of land use pattern declined slightly.The main factor causing the deterioration of the ecological environment quality was that ecological forestry and pasture land was translated into agricultural production land.

关 键 词：土地利用转型 喀斯特 生态环境效应 乌江流域 

分 类 号：X171.1[环境科学与工程—环境科学]