云南不同林龄橡胶林土壤有机碳含量变化及影响因子  

Changes of Soil Organic Carbon Content and Its Influencing Factors in Rubber Plantations of Different Forest Ages in Yunnan

作　　者：赵林林 吴志祥[2,3] 孙瑞 杨川[2,3] 符庆茂 谭正洪[4] ZHAO Linlin;WU Zhixiang;SUN Rui;YANG Chuan;FU Qingmao;TAN Zhenghong(College of Tropical Crops,Hainan University,Haikou 570228,China;Rubber Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Haikou 571101,China;Danzhou Investigation&Experiment Station of Tropical Crops,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Danzhou 571737,China;College of Ecology and Environment,Hainan University,Haikou 570228,China)

机构地区：[1]海南大学热带作物学院,海南海口570228 [2]中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所,海南海口571101 [3]农业农村部儋州热带作物科学观测实验站,海南儋州571737 [4]海南大学生态与环境学院,海南海口570228

出　　处：《云南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2021年第3期532-539,共8页Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University:Natural Science

基　　金：海南省自然科学基金高层次人才项目(2019RC330,2019RC335);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-33-ZP3)。

摘　　要：【目的】探讨云南植胶区不同林龄橡胶林土壤有机碳含量变化特征及其影响因子,为天然橡胶产业的可持续发展提供理论依据。【方法】以云南省景洪市、瑞丽市和河口县3个植胶区5种林龄(0~5年、10~15年、16~20年、26~30年和31~35年)橡胶林土壤样品为对象,用pH计法测定土壤pH,烘干法测定土壤含水量,重铬酸钾容量—外加热法测定土壤有机碳含量,并用冗余分析探究影响土壤有机碳含量的影响因子。【结果】(1)云南橡胶林土壤有机碳含量为7.22~22.82 g/kg;其中景洪植胶区土壤有机碳含量最高,平均值为17.90 g/kg;最低的是河口植胶区,平均值为10.62 g/kg。(2)云南各植胶区不同林龄土壤有机碳含量差异比较:景洪0~5年、10~15年和16~20年3个龄级土壤有机碳含量均显著高于26~30年和31~35年2个龄级(P<0.05),瑞丽0~5年土壤有机碳含量显著高于26~30年和31~35年2个龄级(P<0.05),河口各龄级土壤有机碳含量差异不显著(P>0.05);云南各植胶区土壤有机碳含量总体上表现出表层(0~20 cm)高于深层(>20~40 cm)的特征。(3)地理位置(纬度、坡度和海拔)、气温和降水量对植胶区土壤有机碳含量空间差异的影响较大;土壤含水量、土壤pH、郁闭度和树高等的影响次之;不同土地利用类型对土壤有机碳含量的影响差异不显著(P>0.05)。【结论】云南橡胶林土壤有机碳含量存在空间、林龄以及土层之间的变化。[Purpose]The change characteristics of soil organic carbon content and its influencing factors in rubber plantations of different ages in Yunnan were discussed,which could provide theoretical basis for sustainable development of rubber industry.[Method]The soil samples of rubber forest with 5 ages(0-5 a,10-15 a,16-20 a,26-30 a,31-35 a)in three rubber planting areas of Jinghong City,Ruili City and Hekou County,Yunnan Province were taken as objects.Soil pH was determined by pH meter;soil water content was determined by drying method;soil organic carbon content was determined by potassium dichromate capacity-applied thermal method,and the influencing factors of soil organic carbon content were studied by redundancy analysis.[Results]1)The soil organic carbon content of rubber forest in Yunnan was 7.22-22.82 g/kg,Jinghong planting area had the highest soil organic carbon content with the average value of 17.90 g/kg;the content of organic carbon was lowest in the rubber planting area of the Hekou with the average value of 10.62 g/kg.2)The difference of soil organic carbon content among different forest ages in Yunnan was compared:the soil organic carbon content in Jinghong 0-5 a,10-15 a and 16-20 a was significantly higher than that in 26-30 a and 31-35 a(P<0.05),the soil organic carbon content of 0-5 a in Ruili was significantly higher than that of 26-30 a and 31-35 a(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference in soil organic carbon content in Hekou,and the soil organic carbon content in surface layer(0-20 cm)was higher than that in deep layer(>20-40 cm)(P>0.05)overall.3)Geographic position(latitude,slope,altitude),air temperature and precipitation had great influence on the spatial difference of soil organic carbon content in rubber planting area,followed by soil water content,soil pH,canopy density,height of rubber tree and so on.There was no significant difference in soil organic carbon content among different land use types(P>0.05).[Conclusion]There are spatial,age and soil changes in soil organic carbon con

关 键 词：土壤有机碳 不同林龄 橡胶林 土地利用类型 

分 类 号：S794.106.1[农业科学—林木遗传育种]