高校校园灰喜鹊巢址特征研究  

Nest-site characteristics of Cyanopica cyana in university campus

作　　者：费宜玲[1] 赵阅书[1] 侯森林[1] 刘大伟 Fei Yiling;Zhao Yueshu;Hou Senlin;Liu Dawei(Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Wildlife Evidence Technology,Nanjing Forest Police College, Nanjing 210023, China)

机构地区：[1]南京森林警察学院野生动植物物证技术国家林业和草原局重点实验室,江苏南京210023

出　　处：《江苏林业科技》2021年第2期15-18,共4页Journal of Jiangsu Forestry Science & Technology

摘　　要：鸟类对选择巢址的因素既影响其繁殖成效与种群动态,又能体现出对环境的适应。该文以仙林大学城高校环境为调查范围,于2017—2019年对灰喜鹊(Cyanopica cyana)的巢址特征因素进行研究,利用地理信息技术(GIS)获得灰喜鹊的巢址位置和密度分布。结果显示,南京市仙林大学城周边6所高校的灰喜鹊鸟巢共计154个,其中树冠巢142个,建筑物上的巢5个,藤本植物上的巢7个;筑巢树种主要为阔叶树,以二球悬铃木(Platanus hispanica)为最多,占比32.6%(49/154);筑巢位置优先选择树的较高处,营巢树高的变化范围为4.2—37.8 m,平均值为18.0 m;巢离地面垂直高度的变化范围为3.0—24.3 m,平均值为13.2 m;巢处分枝数依次为3,4,5枝;巢址分布的高密度区域为高校内远离教学区、生态环境较好的道路2侧;主成分分析表明,影响灰喜鹊巢址选择的生态因子主要为营巢树高度和巢高度。此结果代表了南京大学城生境中灰喜鹊的巢址特征。Nest-site selection not only affects reproduction effectiveness and population dynamics of birds,but also reflects their adaptation to the environment.In order to further study the adaptability of bird nest-site charaiteristics in the habitat of Nanjing University Town to its environment.This article takes the campus environment of Xianlin University Town as the scope of investigation.From 2017 to 2019,a survey for the nest-site characteristics of azure-winged magpie(Cyanopica cyana)was carried out in colleges around Xianlin University Town.By using geographic information systerm(GIS)to obtain the location and density distribution of the nests,it was found that there were a total of 154 nests in 6 colleges and universities around,including 142 canopy nests,5 nests on buildings,and 7 nests on vines.The nesting trees were mainly broad-leaved trees,with Platanus hispanica accounting for 32.6%(49/154).The nesting position was preferred to the higher part of tree.The height of the nesting tree ranged from 4.2 to 37.8 m,with the average of 18.0 m.The vertical height of the nest from the ground ranged from 3.0 to 24.3 m,with the average of 13.2 m.The number of branches used in nesting is 3,4 and 5 in order.The high-density area of nest-site selection was distributed on both sides of the road with favorable ecological environment,which was away from the teaching area.Principal Component Analysis demonstrated that the main ecological factors which affected the choice of C.cyana nest sites in the university environment of Nanjing Xianlin University Town were the height of nesting trees and nests.The result represents the nest-site characteristics of Cyanopica cyana in Nanjing University Town.

关 键 词：灰喜鹊 繁殖 巢高度 巢址特征 南京 高校 校园 

分 类 号：Q958.122.5[生物学—动物学] Q959.739