基于社会力模型的地铁站人群疏散仿真研究  

Research on Crowd Evacuation Simulation in Subway Station Based on Social Force Model

作　　者：姚远 管涛[1] 卢树华[1] YAO Yuan;GUAN Tao;LU Shuhua(College of Information and Cyber Security,People's Public Security University of China,Beijing 102600,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民公安大学信息网络安全学院,北京102600

出　　处：《中国人民公安大学学报（自然科学版）》2021年第2期74-81,共8页Journal of People’s Public Security University of China(Science and Technology)

基　　金：中央高校基本科研经费项目(2019JKF225)。

摘　　要：针对地铁站应急情况下人群疏散影响因素复杂的问题,以北京市某地铁站为例,基于社会力模型,运用Anylogic动态仿真软件模拟了不同因素干扰下的地铁站场景人群疏散,研究应急情况下运行时段、疏散指导、硬件设施、应急通道、闸机延误等不同因素对人群疏散的影响进行了深入分析。仿真结果表明:疏散指导、应急通道、闸机刷卡等因素对疏散效率的影响程度最为显著,其中,闸机个数的增加对疏散时间改变呈边际递减规律,仿真结果可为地铁车站的人群疏散及安全评估提供一定的借鉴意义。Crowd evacuation in a subway station in emergency situation is a challenging problem due to some complex affecting factors.In this paper,taking a subway station in Beijing as an example,based on a social force model,the Anylogic dynamic simulation software was used to simulate crowd evacuation in subway station scenes under the interference of different factors,and the influence of different factors such as operating period,evacuation guidance,hardware facilities,emergency passages,and gate delay was studied.Furthermore,the influence of the number of gates on evacuation is deeply analysed.The simulation results show that factors such as evacuation guidance,emergency passages,and gate card swiping have the most significant influence on the evacuation efficiency.Among them,the evacuation time presents a marginal diminishing dependence with the increase in the number of gates.These can provide a certain reference for crowd evacuation and safety assessment of subway stations.

关 键 词：社会力模型 地铁车站 疏散仿真 影响因素 

分 类 号：D631[政治法律—政治学]