变频电机绝缘失效机理及测试技术研究现状  

Review of Inverter-fed Motor Insulation Failure Mechanism and Measurement Technologies

作　　者：王鹏[1] 陈逸雯 WANG Peng;CHEN Yiwen(College of Electrical Engineering,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学电气工程学院,成都610065

出　　处：《大电机技术》2021年第3期1-16,共16页Large Electric Machine and Hydraulic Turbine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51977134)。

摘　　要：以SiC和GaN为代表的第三代宽禁带电力电子器件的使用将进一步提升未来电力电子装置的效率和功率密度,使电力转换更加灵活可控。电机驱动是电力电子应用最早和最成功的领域,变频器和交流电机组成的变频电机系统已成为当代电力驱动的主流。然而,未来宽禁带器件的使用,将使变频电机绝缘系统承受更高频率、更快变换速度、更高电压的高频脉冲电压冲击,给现有较多的成型绝缘系统带来严峻挑战,传统正弦和直流电压下的绝缘检测、评估及预测技术不再适用于变频电机绝缘系统。本文首先对变频电机绝缘失效机理进行了总结,着重阐述了PWM电压应力及环境参数对变频电机绝缘局部放电统计特性及耐电晕绝缘寿命的影响规律;然后,结合IEC相关标准讨论了国内外行业关注的低压散绕电机PDIV测试及耐电晕寿命评估技术;最后,针对未来电力电子技术对变频电机绝缘系统的挑战,对现行标准存在的问题进行反思,并展望了未来变频电机绝缘领域应关注的重点。Third-generation wide band gap semiconductor devices such as silicon carbide(SiC)and gallium nitride(GaN)will improve efficiency and power density of future power electronic system.The electric machines driving is the earliest and most successful field for the application of power electronics.The using of the third-generation wide band gap power devices will increase the efficiency and power density of the future power electronic devices.However,the wide band gap power devices will cause the inverter-fed motor insulation system to work at repetitive impulsive surges with higher frequency and speed change,which would lead to the early failure of insulation system.Unfortunately,traditional insulation evaluation,detection and lifetime predication technologies under DC and sinusoidal voltage is no longer feasible for repetitive surges stressing the insulation system of inverter-fed motors.The failure mechanism and impact factors,such as PWM voltage and environmental parameters,are reviewed firstly in this paper.Then,the PDIV and insulation endurance test technologies in IEC standards for random winding and formed-wounded winding motors are reported respectively.Finally,the future research priority are discussed to solve the problems of inverter-fed motor insulation system due to the using of wide band gap power devices.

关 键 词：变频电机 绝缘系统 局部放电 耐电晕寿命 PWM 重复方波 

分 类 号：TM344.6[电气工程—电机]