河南省贫困地区6~23月龄婴幼儿营养包干预效果  

Effect on 6-23 months infants by Yingyangbao intervention in impoverished regions of Henan Province

作　　者：王帅兵 谢忱 陈社菊[1] 李帅奇 薛会影 梁肖 陈卫[1] Wang Shuaibing;Xie Chen;Chen Sheju;Li Shuaiqi;Xue Huiying;Liang Xiao;Chen Wei(The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450052,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学第三附属医院,郑州450052

出　　处：《卫生研究》2021年第3期366-371,共6页Journal of Hygiene Research

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(No.2016YFD0400602);财政部项目库(No.131031107000180001)。

摘　　要：目的分析河南省贫困地区营养包干预与未干预6~23月龄婴幼儿营养及健康状况。方法 2019年9-11月,在河南省51个贫困县采用多阶段随机抽样方法抽取6~23月龄婴幼儿进行体格测量和血红蛋白含量检测,同时对看护人进行面对面问卷调查。以12个营养包覆盖县的婴幼儿为干预组,按照1∶1匹配的原则,从营养包即将覆盖的39个县基线调查的婴幼儿中选择对照。采用配对χ^(2)检验和配对t检验分析调查人群间相关差异性因素,χ^(2)趋势检验比较婴幼儿健康状况长期变化趋势。结果共纳入7738名研究对象,其中干预组和对照组均为3869名。干预组婴幼儿身长、体重和血红蛋白值分别比对照组高1.1 cm、0.67 kg和3.8 g/L。干预组婴幼儿贫血率、低体重率、生长迟缓率、消瘦率分别为13.1%、1.7%、2.1%和1.9%,均低于对照组。与对照组相比,干预组近两周婴幼儿发热、腹泻患病率分别低了5.6%、7.2%。干预组家长喂养与营养知识得分(≥3分)、婴幼儿喂养最小膳食种类合格率、最低膳食频次合格率及最低可接受膳食合格率分别为62.4%、71.1%、73.7%和55.8%,均高于对照组。2015-2019年,营养包覆盖地区婴幼儿贫血率、低体重率和生长迟缓率呈逐年下降趋势。结论营养包干预可有效改善婴幼儿营养和健康状况,促进婴幼儿体格发育;通过项目实施,贫困地区婴幼儿看护人科学喂养知识和技能显著提高。OBJECTIVE To observe the effect of 6-23 months infants by Yingyangbao(YYB) intervention in impoverished areas of Henan Province. METHODSA multi-stage random sampling method was used to select infants aged 6-23 months from 51 project counties in Henan Province from September to November 2019. Physical anthropometric measurement and hemoglobin detection were performed, and face-to-face questionnaires surveyed with caregivers of the children. Children in 12 regions covered by YYB were defined as intervention group, and controls were selected from the baseline survey of children in 39 regions not covered by YYB according to the 1∶1 matching principle. The analysis between YYB and control groups were analyzed by χ^(2) or t test. χ^(2) test for trend to compare trend of children health status. RESULTS A total of 7738 subjects were selected in the study, including 3869 in the intervention group and 3869 in the control group. The average length, weight and hemoglobin level of YYB group were 1.1 cm, 0.67 kg and 3.8 g/L, respectively, which were higher than that of the control group. The anemia rate, underweight rate, stunting rate and wasting rate in intervention group were 13.1%, 1.7%, 2.1% and 1.9%, respectively, significantly lower than control group. Compared with the control group, the two-week prevalence of fever and diarrhea in the intervention group decreased by 5.6% and 7.2%, respectively. In addition, nutrition knowledge score of the parents, minimum dietary diversity rate, minimum meal frequency rate and minimum acceptable diet rate of intervention group were 62.4%, 71.1%, 73.7% and 55.8%, respectively, significantly better than that of control group. From 2015 to 2019, the anemia rate, underweight rate, stunting rate of children in regions covered by YYB showed a downward trend. CONCLUSION YYB can effectively improve the nutrition, physical development and health status of 6-24 months infants. Through the implementation of the project, the knowledge and skills of scientific feeding in impoverished regions

关 键 词：婴幼儿 营养包 生长发育 贫血 喂养知识 发热 腹泻 

分 类 号：R153[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学] R151.43[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]