根际微生物增强宿主植物耐铬能力生理机制研究进展  

The Role of Rhizosphere Microorganisms in Enhancing Chromium Tolerance of Host Plants

作　　者：邢淑萍 陈保冬[1,2] 郝志鹏 张莘[1,2] Xing Shuping;Chen Baodong;Hao Zhipeng;Zhang Xin(State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology,Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院生态环境研究中心城市与区域生态国家重点实验室,北京100085 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《生态毒理学报》2021年第1期2-14,共13页Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(21677164,41977042);“十三五”国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0800404)。

摘　　要：植物根际有大量微生物,其中一部分微生物,如根际促生菌、丛枝菌根真菌、非麦角属内生真菌和外生菌根真菌,在改善宿主营养状况,缓解宿主由于旱涝、盐分和重金属等环境胁迫导致的危害中起到重要作用。笔者将以这4种根际微生物为例,综述它们提高宿主植物耐铬性的内在机制,如通过促进宿主生长、降低根际土壤中铬的有效性、降低铬从根系向叶片的转运以及利用自身组织固持铬等,直接或间接地提高植物对铬的耐受能力,展现出多样且互有差异的功能。同时,笔者提出了铬在根际微生物与宿主的共生体系内转运和解毒行为的分子和生理机制上的不足,并对未来根际微生物互作的研究内容提出了展望。There are ubiquitous microorganisms in the rhizosphere forming symbiosis with host plants.Some of them,including plant growth promoting rhizobacteria,arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi,non-clavicipitaceous endophytes and ectomycorrhizal fungi,play important roles in improving plant nutrition status and alleviating the damage caused by drought,flooding,salinity and heavy metal stress.This paper reviewed the underlying mechanisms of enhancing plant chromium(Cr)tolerance by these four groups of rhizosphere microorganisms.As a whole,they can directly or indirectly improve plant Cr tolerance via various and different functions including promoting plant growth,reducing the Cr bioavailability,decreasing the translocation of metal from roots to shoots,stabilizing metal by fungal structures and so on.However,the physiological and molecular mechanisms underlying Cr behavior and detoxification in rhizosphere remain largely unknown.It’s also of great importance to clarify the effect of interaction networks between the rhizosphere microorganisms.

关 键 词：铬胁迫 根际微生物 耐受机制 相互作用 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]