贫困概念“元内核”的演进逻辑、认识误区与未来反思  

Evolution Logic for the Core Concept of Poverty:Misunderstanding and Future Reflection

作　　者：杨菊华 YANG Ju-hua(Department of Sociology,Minzu University of China,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中央民族大学社会学系,北京100081

出　　处：《江苏行政学院学报》2021年第3期64-74,共11页The Journal of Jiangsu Administration Institute

基　　金：北京市社科基金重点项目“时空比较视角下北京市老年贫困问题研究”(19JDSRA006)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要："贫困"概念随时间的推移而愈加丰富:从"行而无资"、"居而无食"等日常生活窘迫逐渐引申为精神和社会生活的困顿;既涉及"至无"(即绝对贫困),也关涉"少有"(即相对贫困)。贫困的内涵和外延后被无限放大,多种要素杂糅并与贫困捆绑,引致对贫困的本元性要义及致贫原因与衍生后果模糊、贫困与能力剥夺等相关概念混淆、贫困的分析层次不清等问题,以"贫困"之名展开的研究也失去了对话的基础。后小康社会的贫困研究,必须注重辩明贫困的元内核,捋顺其分析层次、明确其度量指标,关照贫困的宽度、高度与深度,突出相对贫困和相对之绝对贫困,为新时代新起点上的减贫工作提供严谨科学的理论支撑。It has been found that the concept of poverty varies temporally and spatially,and its meaning has become much broadened over time,from the status of having little income and consumption,to the capability deprivation,and then to social exclusion,involving both situations of"extreme deprivation"(absolute poverty)and situations of"less provided"(relative poverty).Consequently,it has yielded such problems as vague boundary between the core meaning of poverty per se and its determinants as well as its outcomes,confusion of relevant concepts(e.g.,poverty and deprivation),and lack of sensitivity in terms of analysis of population of universe.Future research focused on post-moderately-prosperous-society needs to differentiate poverty per se from its impact factors and outcomes,clarify the boundary between poverty and relevant concepts,and identify the proper measurements of poverty.It should also pay attention to the breadth,depth and width of poverty,and highlight relative poverty so as to provide theoretical support for empirical research and poverty alleviation in practice.

关 键 词：贫困 相对贫困 社会排斥 福利剥夺 区群谬误 

分 类 号：C913.7[经济管理]