反悔人民调解协议致诉案件起诉对象与审理范围之厘定  

Determination of Prosecution Object and Trial Scope in Cases of Renunciation of People’s Mediation Agreement

作　　者：李喜莲[1] Li Xilian

机构地区：[1]湘潭大学法学院,湖南湘潭411105

出　　处：《法律科学（西北政法大学学报）》2021年第3期191-200,F0003,共11页Science of Law：Journal of Northwest University of Political Science and Law

基　　金：湖南省教育厅创新平台开放基金项目(20K128)“纠纷解决资源科学配置与人民内部矛盾有效处理机制研究”。

摘　　要：对当事人反悔人民调解协议致诉案件起诉对象和审理范围的确定,实践中的做法不一。究其原因,乃相关法律规范对人民调解协议的性质未予明确规定,学理上亦未形成通说观点所致。明确反悔人民调解协议致诉案件的起诉对象和审理范围,相关立法应明确人民调解协议之民事合同的法律效力,具体规定当事人任意反悔人民调解协议应承担与违反民事合同一样的法律责任。同时,法官在确定因反悔人民调解协议致诉案件的审理对象时,应结合人民调解协议乃解决纠纷过程中所生概念之本质,遵循当事人的诉讼请求决定法院审理范围的基本法理。除此之外,法官还应适时回应被告的妨诉抗辩,对任意反悔人民调解协议之当事人予以法律制裁,以彰显人民调解协议的法律约束力。In practice,there are different practices with the prosecution object and trial scope of the cases which caused by the plaintiff or defendant breaking people’s mediation agreement.There are two reasons for this problem.One is that the relevant legal norms do not specify the nature of the people’s mediation agreement.The other is that there is no general view in theory.In order to clarify the prosecution object of these cases,legislators should stipulate that the people’s mediation agreement has the nature of a civil contract.At the same time,when judges determine the trial object of this cases,they should consider that the people’s mediation agreement is just a concept which occurred by procedural law,and adhere to the basic principle that the litigant’s request determines the court’s trial scope.In addition,judges should also respond to the defendant’s defense in due course,and highlight the legal sanctions against the litigant who arbitrarily reneges on the people’s mediation agreement in order to demonstrate its legal effect.

关 键 词：人民调解协议 审理对象 处分权原则 抗辩 

分 类 号：D915.2[政治法律—诉讼法学]