非侵入性脑刺激技术在神经系统疾病康复中的应用进展  

Application progress of non-invasive brain stimulation technique in rehabilitation of neurological diseases

作　　者：舒璇 刘淑芬[1] 陈丽霞[1] SHU Xuan;LIU Shufen;CHEN Lixia(Department of Rehabilitation Medicine,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical College/Peking Union Medical College Hospital,Beijing 100730,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院北京协和医学院/北京协和医院康复医学科,北京100730

出　　处：《华西医学》2021年第5期566-571,共6页West China Medical Journal

基　　金：国家卫生和计划生育委员会保健局资助项目([2017]114)。

摘　　要：非侵入性脑刺激技术是利用磁场或电场作用于大脑,从而调节大脑皮质神经元活动的技术,主要包括经颅磁刺激和经颅直流电刺激。原理是通过改变大脑皮质的兴奋性,加速诱导神经可塑性,特点是无创、安全且患者能耐受。该文主要介绍非侵入性脑刺激技术的理论基础、作用机制、在脑卒中并发症、神经性疼痛和癫痫中的应用及安全性,探讨了非侵入性脑刺激技术在不同神经系统疾病中常用的治疗方案,以期对神经系统疾病的康复治疗提供可能的治疗参考。Non-invasive brain stimulation is a technology that uses magnetic field or electric field to act on the brain to adjust the activity of cerebral cortex neurons. It mainly includes transcranial magnetic stimulation and transcranial direct current stimulation. The principle is to accelerate the induction of neuroplasticity by changing the excitability of the cerebral cortex. The characteristics are noninvasive, safe and that the patient can tolerate it. This article mainly introduces the theoretical foundation and mechanisms of non-invasive brain stimulation, and its application and safety in stroke complications, neuropathic pain and epilepsy, and discusses the commonly used treatment regimens of non-invasive brain stimulation in different neurological diseases, in order to provide possible treatment reference for the rehabilitation of neurological diseases.

关 键 词：重复经颅磁刺激 经颅直流电刺激 非侵入性脑刺激技术 神经康复 

分 类 号：R741[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学] R493[医药卫生—临床医学]