我国中西部农村中小学生饮料消费状况及影响因素  

Beverage consumption status and influencial factors of rural primary and middle students in central and western China

作　　者：毕小艺 李荔 徐培培 曹薇 杨媞媞 许娟 甘倩 潘慧 胡小琪 张倩 BI Xiao-yi;LI Li;XU Pei-pei;CAO Wei;YANG Ti-ti;XU Juan;GAN Qian;PAN Hui;HU Xiao-qi;ZHANG Qian(National Institute for Nutrition and Health,China CDC,Beijing 100050,China)

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心营养与健康所,北京100050

出　　处：《中国健康教育》2021年第5期392-396,共5页Chinese Journal of Health Education

摘　　要：目的分析我国中西部农村中小学生的饮料消费状况及影响因素,为改善学生营养健康状况提供科学依据。方法在实施"农村义务教育学生营养改善计划"的中西部22个省的699个国家试点县,每个省分片选取1~3个县,共50个重点监测县。按照不同供餐模式,各随机抽取农村的2所小学和2所初中,从小学三年级到初中三年级(共7个年级),每个年级抽取1~2个班约40人。采用学生调查表收集27374名学生的饮料消费频率和种类等信息。结果我国中西部农村有60.2%的学生每周喝饮料不到3次,还有20.0%的学生每天喝1次及以上饮料。选择饮料前3位依次为含乳饮料(44.1%)、碳酸饮料(40.5%)、茶饮料(32.4%)。饮料消费频率及选择含乳饮料、碳酸饮料、茶饮料的比例在不同性别、学段、地区之间差异均具有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。男生(OR=1.142,P<0.001)、小学(OR=1.579,P<0.001)、母亲在外地打工(OR=1.325,P<0.001)、父母都在外地打工(OR=1.126,P<0.05)、住宿生(OR=1.074,P<0.001)、西部地区(OR=1.281,P<0.001)每天摄入喝1次及以上饮料的可能性更高。结论我国中西部农村中小学生饮料消费普遍,应采取针对性宣传教育,引导学生合理消费饮料。Objective To evaluate beverage consumption and influencial factors among students from rural areas in central and western China,and to provide scientific basis for improving students’nutrition and health status.Methods Among the 699 national pilot counties in 22 provinces in the central and western regions that implemented the"Rural Compulsory Education Student Nutrition Improvement Program"in contiguous areas with special difficulties,each province selected 1 to 3 counties,a total of 50 key monitoring counties.Two primary schools and two junior schools were selected randomly according to different food supply pattern(school-,company-,and mix-).One or two classes from each grade were randomly selected from grade 3 to grade 9(a total of seven grades)with about 40 students each grade.A student questionnaire was used to collect information on the frequency and type of beverage consumption of 27,374 students.Results In rural areas in central and western China,60.2%of students drank beverage less than 3 times a week and 20.0%of students drank beverage once or more per day.The top three selected beverage were milk beverage(44.1%),carbonated beverage(40.5%),and tea beverage(32.4%).The consumption frequency of beverages and the proportion of choosing milk beverages,carbonated beverages and tea beverages were statistically significant in different genders,academic segments and regions.Boys(OR=1.142,P<0.001),elementary school(OR=1.579,P<0.001),mothers working outside the city(OR=1.325,P<0.001),parents working outside the city(OR=1.126,P<0.05),resident students(OR=1.074,P<0.001),and western regions(OR=1.281,P<0.001)were more likely to consume one or more beverage a day.Conclusion The beverage consumption is common among rural students from Nutrition Improvement Program areas.Targeted nutrition education should be adopted to guide students to consume beverage reasonably.

关 键 词：饮料 饮食行为 学生 影响因素 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理] R153.2[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]