HPV疫苗上市后中国女学生HPV疫苗知识和接受性的变化  

Changes in knowledge and acceptability of HPV vaccine among Chinese female students after HPV vaccine licensed in China's Mainland

作　　者：于洋[1] 李瑞英[1] 李美兰[1] 李建庆[1] 赛金玉 于悦 徐爱强[2] YU Yang;LI Rui-ying;LI Mei-lan;LI Jian-qing;SAI Jin-yu;YU Yue;XU Aiqiang(Weihai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Weihai 264200,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省威海市疾病预防控制中心,山东威海264200 [2]山东省疾病预防控制中心,山东济南250014

出　　处：《中国健康教育》2021年第5期434-439,443,共7页Chinese Journal of Health Education

摘　　要：目的了解HPV疫苗在中国内地上市后,中国女学生HPV疫苗知识和接受性的变化,为制订免疫策略提供理论依据。方法2014年和2019年,使用同一调查问卷对相同学校、年龄组女学生进行HPV及疫苗的知识知晓情况、接受性调查分析。结果2014年和2019年分别调查1384人和1027人,HPV知晓率分别为8.89%和29.11%;知识得分分别为(2.08±2.06)分和(5.02±2.71)分;知晓人群中,无、低、高水平分别占25.20%、61.79%、13.01%和6.02%、35.79%、58.19%;2019年,知识点"正常婚姻生活是否可以感染HPV""HPV疫苗的接种针次、时机""HPV感染者是否具有作用"认知率相对较低。2014年和2019年,女学生HPV疫苗接受率分别为40.53%和69.91%;拒绝接种主要原因是"自己没有感染HPV的危险,没必要接种""疫苗还没有大面积使用,等大面积使用后决定""担心疫苗的安全性"。结论HPV疫苗在中国内地上市后,女学生对HPV及疫苗的知晓率、知识水平和接受性有了较大提高,但对一些核心知识的认识仍不到位。对疫苗的信心不足,仍是影响HPV疫苗接受性的最主要因素。Objective To understand the changes of knowledge and acceptability for HPV vaccines in Chinese female students after the introduction of HPV vaccine in China's Mainland,and to provide theoretical basis for the formulation of HPV immunization implementation strategy.Methods In 2014 and 2019,the knowledge and acceptance of HPV vaccine among female students were investigated 2 times.The schools,age groups and the questionnaire were same.Results In 2014 and 2019 year,1384 and 1027 female students were investigated respectively,and the awareness rates of HPV were 8.89%and 29.11%.The knowledge scores were(2.08±2.06)and(5.02±2.71),respectively.The proportion of high knowledge level,medium knowledge level and low knowledge level accounted for 25.20%,61.79%,13.01%and 6.02%,35.79%,58.19%respectively.After the HPV vaccine was licensed,the awareness rate of"Can wives be infected with HPV in normal sexual behavior-","What is the best time of vaccination-","What are the injection times of HPV vaccination-"and"Is HPV vaccines effectiveness on HPV infected person-"were relatively lower.The acceptance rates of HPV vaccine for female students were 40.53%and 69.91%,respectively.The main reasons for refusing to be vaccinated before and after the HPV vaccine was licensed were"no risk of HPV infection,no need to be vaccinated","The vaccine has not been widely used,the decision will be made after it is widely used","worried about the safety of the vaccine".Conclusion After the HPV vaccine was licensed in China's Mainland,the awareness rate,knowledge level and acceptability of female students to HPV vaccine had been greatly improved,but the awareness of some core knowledge were still insufficient.Concern about vaccine safety is still the most important factor affecting the acceptability of HPV vaccine.

关 键 词：HPV HPV疫苗 女学生 知识 接受性 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]